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Gavin,a supervisor,is discussing an employee with Eileen,the human resource manager at his company.The employee's performance has been falling,and the employee has been absent on several workdays.Gavin is concerned about this change in behavior.The HR manager suggests that Gavin encourage the employee to contact the employee assistance program (EAP) for a referral to a counselor.In which situation would Eileen's advice be most appropriate?


A) The employee no longer has the ability to carry out the tasks required for the job.
B) The employee probably would respond to some praise and encouragement.
C) The employee is unaware of the significance of the performance problem.
D) The employee has the necessary skills,but lacks motivation.
E) The employee lacks motivation as well as the necessary knowledge and skills.

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Under which of the following circumstances is appraisal politics most likely to occur?


A) when top executives forbid distorted ratings
B) when the goals of rating are compatible with one another
C) when performance appraisal results are directly linked to developmental programs
D) when senior employees tell newcomers stories about distorted ratings
E) when performance appraisal is not directly linked to highly desirable rewards

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How can data analytics improve the measurement of employees' performance?


A) by training raters to look at many aspects of performance
B) by showing raters how errors affect their rating decisions
C) by preventing raters from making distributional errors
D) by finding patterns in an employee's behavior
E) by indicating all the circumstances,intentions,and outcomes associated with an employee's behavior

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Jim,a sales manager at Elexon Inc. ,finds that Bill,a salesman,lacks motivation to perform well in his job.In the context of finding solutions to performance problems,which of the following is the right way to deal with this situation?


A) Jim must reduce Bill's pay to punish him.
B) Jim must warn Bill that he will be demoted if his performance continues to be poor.
C) Jim must ask Bill to learn from salespeople who perform better than he does.
D) Jim must counsel Bill to help him understand the factors that are affecting his motivation.
E) Jim must ask Bill to take a vacation to think about what is causing his lack of motivation.

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When Ziggurat Enterprises was preparing to roll out a new performance management system,Jenna,the human resource executive,insisted that for the new system to succeed,they must first explain it to employees.Jenna said employees need to perceive the system as fair.Why would this effort make the performance management system more effective?


A) The employees who receive feedback must believe that the process of preparing it was not too time consuming.
B) Specific feedback helps meet the goals of supporting strategy and developing employees.
C) Low interrater reliability means the rating will differ depending on who is scoring the employees.
D) When employees see performance measures as fair,they are likelier to apply the feedback.
E) A measurement tool should accurately measure what it was designed to measure.

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Paul is a manager at Firefly Corp. ,and he uses a rating approach to evaluate his employees.He considers one employee at a time and circles a number or a word to signify the degree to which that employee demonstrates a particular trait in the scale.Which of the following approaches is Paul using to assess his employees?


A) mixed-standard scale
B) critical-incident approach
C) graphic rating scale
D) behavioral observation scale
E) behaviorally anchored rating scale

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The content of feedback is more effective when it is directed toward personalities.

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Traditional performance management differs from total quality management (TQM)in that it assesses both individual performance and the system within which the individual works.

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What attitude do employees typically express toward performance feedback?


A) They prefer not to get feedback,because the experience feels awkward.
B) They prefer to get all their feedback at one time,during an annual performance review.
C) They like to be surprised,especially if the feedback is positive.
D) They appreciate regular feedback,because they want to know if they are on track.
E) They are most engaged when the company schedules feedback every few months.

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Which of the following statements is true of effective performance management?


A) It can tell top performers they are valued.
B) It can evaluate employees without establishing standards.
C) It averts communication between managers and their employees.
D) It uses just one person as a source of information.
E) It does not affect employees who meet expectations.

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The human resource department of Alpha-Omega Corp.is reviewing its performance management system to make sure it can show fairness if an employee ever complains of discrimination.Which of the following statements is a problem that must be addressed if Alpha-Omega is to meet that goal?


A) Research shows that female managers give fairer appraisals than male managers.
B) Most appraisal instruments are so objective that supervisors find them inflexible.
C) Employees assume that rating errors are common,though they are rare.
D) Evidence shows that raters tend to give higher ratings to persons of the rater's own race.
E) Performance management systems often punish people for whistleblowing.

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How can an organization protect itself against discrimination and unjust dismissal lawsuits?


A) The organization should provide for a review of all top performance ratings by senior managers.
B) Performance measures should evaluate personal traits.
C) The requirements for job success should be clearly communicated to employees.
D) The organization should use a single rater to rate all the employees.
E) The organization should dismiss poor performers.

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James,the production manager of Zenfax Inc. ,is writing a recommendation to begin gathering performance appraisal information from peers along with other sources of information.Which of the following statements best supports James's recommendation?


A) Information from peers adds little value to the assessment of performance.
B) Peers are comfortable rating employees for decisions that may affect themselves.
C) Peers typically share the manager's perspective of the employee being evaluated.
D) Peers have expert knowledge of job requirements.
E) Peers rarely observe an employee in day-to-day activities.

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A disadvantage of behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS)is that it can bias a manager's memory.

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Identify the statement that accurately characterizes behavioral approaches to performance measurement.


A) they link the company's goals to the specific behavior required to achieve those goals
B) they work well for complex jobs.
C) they provide little feedback on areas of improvement
D) they have a low degree of validity and reliability
E) they have a low degree of acceptability

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The _____ method of performance measurement uses several statements describing each trait to produce a final score for that trait.


A) behaviorally anchored rating scale
B) mixed-standard scale
C) behavioral observation scale
D) graphic rating scale
E) behavior-response scale

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Roberto,a manager at Z-Cart Inc. ,is asked by his manager to rate his subordinates' performances.He needs to rate 30 employees on a scale that ranges from 1 to 10.He rates 25 employees with a score of 8.In doing so,Roberto commits a rating error.In the context of types of rating errors,Roberto's mistake is called _____.


A) central tendency
B) halo error
C) horns error
D) leniency
E) statistical error

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Komali,the founder of Astro Computing,believes in employee empowerment,so as soon as she began hiring managers,she made subordinate reviews part of her company's performance appraisal system.However,she and her human resource manager have realized that the managers don't always place enough emphasis on efficiency and results,perhaps out of fear that their employees will give them lower ratings.What would be the best way for Astro Computing to use subordinate feedback?


A) Discontinue subordinate feedback,because it has undesirable consequences.
B) Require that the employees giving subordinate feedback identify themselves.
C) Give the employees greater opportunities to observe the behavior of their manager.
D) Use the results of subordinate feedback to identify avenues for employee development.
E) Limit the information gathering by subordinates to short periods once a year.

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The paired-comparison method involves comparing each employee with each other employee to establish rankings.

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Oswald & Rutabaga,CPAs,brought in an HR consulting firm to evaluate the firm's performance management system.The firm has offices in six locations,and the manager of each location rates the office's staff members using a 5-point rating scale.After studying the appraisal results from the past three years,the consultants reported that they cannot make comparisons among the offices.Which of the following is the most likely problem?


A) The consultants aren't qualified to analyze this type of rating system.
B) One office has exceptional people,so contrast errors are occurring.
C) The managers let their opinion of one quality color their opinion of others.
D) The managers are making distributional errors,each using only part of the rating scale.
E) The managers tend to give higher ratings to people they consider similar to themselves.

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