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Exam 9: Introduction to the T Statistic

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Question 1

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If other factors are held constant,how does sample size influence the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis and measures of effect size such as r² and Cohen's d?

A) A larger sample increases both the likelihood and measures of effect size.
B) A larger sample increases the likelihood but has little influence on measures of effect size.
C) A larger sample decreases the likelihood but has little influence on measures of effect size.
D) A larger sample decreases both the likelihood and measures of effect size.

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Question 2

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A sample of n = 16 scores has a mean of M = 58 with SS = 960.Use the sample to construct the 90% confidence interval for µ.

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The sample variance is s² = 64 and the estimated standard error is 2.With df = 15 and 90% confidence,use t = F1F1F1S1F1F1F101.753.The interval is F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = 58 F1F1F1S1F1F1F101.753(2)and extends from 54.495 to 61.506.

Question 3

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On average,what value is expected for the t statistic when the null hypothesis is true?

If other factors are held constant,what is the effect of increasing the sample variance?

A sample of n = 16 scores has a mean of M = 65 and an estimated standard error of 2 points.What is the sample variance?

As the sample size is increased,the distribution of t statistics becomes flatter and more spread out.

If two samples are selected from the same population,under what circumstances will the two samples have exactly the same t statistic?

The results of a hypothesis test are reported as follows: t(15) = 2.70,p < .05.Based on this report,how many individuals were in the sample?

In a hypothesis test,a large value for the sample variance increases the likelihood that you will find a significant treatment effect.

Which of the following samples will have the smallest value for the estimated standard error?

The t distribution for df = 4 is flatter and more spread out than the t distribution for df = 20.

If the null hypothesis states that  = 70 and a researcher obtains a sample with M = 73 and s² = 9,then Cohen's d = 0.33.

If a researcher is using a t statistic to test a null hypothesis about a population,what information is needed from the population to calculate the t statistic?

A researcher conducts a hypothesis test using a sample of n = 20 from an unknown population.What is the df value for the t statistic?

If other factors are held constant,the bigger the sample is,the greater the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis.

A sample of n = 16 scores with a sample variance of s² = 64 has an estimated standard error of 4 points.

With α = .05,what is the critical t value for a one-tailed test with n = 15?

A researcher selects a sample from a population with  = 30 and uses the sample to evaluate the effect of a treatment.After treatment,the sample has a mean of M = 32 and a variance of s² = 6.Which of the following would definitely increase the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis?

A researcher selects a sample from a population with a mean of  = 40 and administers a treatment to the individuals in the sample.If the treatment is expected to decrease scores,which of the following is the correct statement of the null hypothesis for a one-tailed test?

If the 90% confidence interval for µ is from 40 to 50,then the sample mean is M = 45.