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Most goods in the economy are


A) club goods.
B) common resources.
C) public goods.
D) private goods.

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In deciding whether a good is a public good, one must determine the


A) incomes of those who benefit from the good.
B) value of the external benefits that accrue to resource owners.
C) excludability of the good.
D) All of the above are correct.

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Three business people meet for lunch at an Indian restaurant. They decide that each person will order an item off the menu, and they will share all dishes. They will split the cost of the final bill evenly among each of the people at the table. When the food is delivered to the table, each person faces incentives similar to the


A) consumption of a common resource good.
B) production of a public good.
C) consumption of a club good.
D) production of a private good.

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For all types of goods that are not private goods, the market fails to allocate resources efficiently because _________________.

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property rights are not well e...

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Neither public goods nor common resources are


A) excludable, but only public goods are not rival in consumption.
B) excludable, but only common resources are not rival in consumption.
C) rival in consumption, but only public goods are not excludable.
D) rival in consumption, but only common resources are not excludable.

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Both public goods and common resources are


A) rival in consumption.
B) nonrival in consumption.
C) excludable.
D) nonexcludable.

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What particular characteristic do public goods and club goods have in common?

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Public goods and club goods ar...

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The Tragedy of the Commons


A) occurs most often with public goods.
B) is only applicable to shared grazing rights among sheep herders.
C) is eliminated when property rights are assigned to individuals.
D) occurs when social incentives are in line with private incentives.

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When a highway is congested, giving rise to negative externalities, it is appropriate to view the highway as a common resource.

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The Ogallala aquifer is a large underground pool of fresh water under several western states in the United States. Any farmer with land above the aquifer can at present pump water out of it. Which of the following statements about the aquifer is correct?


A) The aquifer is a public good which must be publicly owned to be used efficiently.
B) The aquifer is a private good which must be privately owned to be used efficiently.
C) The aquifer is a common resource which will be overused if no one owns it.
D) The aquifer is a club good which should be left as it is.

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Knowledge that is patented is a


A) public good, whereas knowledge that is not patented is a common resource.
B) private good, whereas knowledge that is not patented is a club good.
C) common resource, whereas knowledge that is not patented is a private good.
D) club good, whereas knowledge that is not patented is a public good.

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What do American drivers on congested roads and Soviet shoppers waiting in line to purchase clothing have in common?


A) Both the American drivers and the Soviet shoppers are consuming products at prices that do not represent the full costs of the products.
B) Both the American drivers and the Soviet shoppers can purchase as much as they want at the market price.
C) Both the American drivers and the Soviet shoppers could avoid waiting if the prices were lowered.
D) American drivers and Soviet shoppers have nothing in common.

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Which of the following statements is not correct?


A) Medical research can be an example of a public good.
B) The private market will tend to undersupply public goods.
C) The free-rider problem occurs when a good is nonexcludable.
D) All goods provided by the government are public goods.

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Governments that chose to make endangered elephants private goods have met with more success protecting elephants than governments that chose to make killing elephants illegal.

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In the Tragedy of the Commons, joint action among the individual citizens would be necessary to solve their common resource problem unless the government intervenes.

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Figure 11-1 Figure 11-1   -Refer to Figure 11-1. A bottle of soda is an example of the type of good represented by Box A)  A. B)  B. C)  C. D)  D. -Refer to Figure 11-1. A bottle of soda is an example of the type of good represented by Box


A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.

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Mike Miller is the town manager of Medfield, a town with 50,000 residents. At a recent town meeting, several citizens proposed building a large public swimming pool in the center of town for all of the residents to enjoy. A survey of all 50,000 residents revealed that the pool would be worth $50 to each of them. Because the cost to build the swimming pool is only $1,000,000, Manager Miller arranges to have the pool built. Everyone in town enjoys the pool, but when Manager Miller asks for donations to pay for the pool, he only collects $250,000. Manager Miller soon realizes that


A) the survey was conducted improperly.
B) the cost of the pool exceeded the social benefits.
C) the pool is a club good.
D) most residents of the town are probably free-riders at the pool.

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What particular characteristic do private goods and common resources have in common?

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Private goods and co...

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In a cost-benefit analysis, the value of a human life is sometimes calculated on the basis of


A) the risks that a person voluntarily exposes herself to in her job and/or recreational choices.
B) the value of each individual's assets.
C) the belief that human life is priceless.
D) the amount of resources required to adequately sustain life.

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Which parable describes the problem of wild animals that are hunted to the point of extinction?


A) Coase theorem
B) The Tragedy of the Commons
C) The Wise Woman
D) The Tortoise and the Hare

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