Question 1

The misinformation effect refers to the fact that false information, presented after a participant has encoded an event, can intrude into the participant's subsequent recall of the event. This "planting" of memories

Accepted Answer

A)   seems restricted to small memory errors.
B)   is only possible if done by an authority figure.
C)   seems possible for remembered actions but not remembered objects.
D)   can occur outside of the laboratory.

Question 2

Which of the following refers to the hypothesis that memories fade or erode with the passage of time?

Accepted Answer

A)   interference
B)   decay
C)   repression
D)   retention interval

Question 3

Researchers were interested in how "Remember" and "Know" judgments are related to memory accuracy. What did they find?

Accepted Answer

A)   A feeling of "remembering" is more likely with correct memories than false memories.
B)   A feeling of "knowing" is more likely with correct memories than false memories.
C)   A "remembering" response is more likely to be false than a "knowing" response.
D)   "Knowing" responses are very rarely accurate.

Question 4

Describe the remember/know procedure. Include a description of the possible dependent variables that can be assessed with this method and the basic findings with respect to memory accuracy and errors.

Accepted Answer

The remember/know procedure is a method ...

Question 5

In a study by Brewer and Treyens (1981) , participants waited in an experimenter's office for the experiment to begin. After they left the room, they learned that the study was about their memory of that office. This study demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)   college students do not know what a professor's office typically contains.
B)   people make assumptions using prior knowledge about what an academic office typically contains.
C)   college students' memories are much worse than the memories of other groups in society.
D)   people tend to notice only those items in the environment that most fit with their expectations.

Question 6

Describe how schematic knowledge can influence memory. Include in your answer an explanation of how schematic knowledge can be both helpful and damaging to memory.

Accepted Answer

Schematic knowledge refers to the organi...

Question 7

In the process of memory consolidation, memories are

Accepted Answer

A)   put into the "back of the mind" for self-protection.
B)   intentionally blurred with other memories.
C)   second-guessed in favor of memory schemata already in place.
D)   biologically "cemented into place."

Question 8

By using leading questions and misinformation, researchers have been able to

Accepted Answer

A)   shape how a real event is remembered, but they have been unable to lead participants into remembering an event that never took place.
B)   shape how participants remember the sequence of actions in the event, but they have been unable to change how participants remember the details of an event.
C)   shape how participants remember the people who participated in an event, but they have been unable to influence how participants remember the objects present as an event unfolded.
D)   alter virtually any aspect of participants' memories and have even been able to create memories for entire events that never took place.

Question 9

The creation of false memories in someone is possible

Accepted Answer

A)   only for small details; the gist is remembered accurately.
B)   only for events that took place long ago; recent events are remembered accurately.
C)   only for neutral or unimportant events; memories that are emotional are accurate.
D)   even for the creation of large-scale, entirely false events.

Question 10

Which of the following claims regarding schema-based knowledge is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gaps in our memory can often be filled by relying on schema-based knowledge.
B)   Schema-based knowledge often ends up regularizing our recollection of the past.
C)   Schema-based knowledge relies on remembering specific information within a memory (e.g., although shelves normally contain books, I remember that those shelves contain only boxes) .
D)   Schema-based knowledge can help guide attention and understanding, so it can help reconstruct parts of a memory that we cannot remember.

Question 11

Intrusion errors in memory are errors

Accepted Answer

A)   in which other knowledge intrudes into the remembered event.
B)   due to the acquisition stage of memory being interrupted (or intruded on) .
C)   in memory due to brain damage, usually as a result of a blow to the head.
D)   in memory due to an impairment in the retrieval process.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about memory accuracy is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Memory errors do occur, but most of our memories are relatively accurate.
B)   Memory errors are more common with "remember" responses, relative to "know" responses.
C)   Memory errors are more common with slower responses.
D)   Memory errors are more common with "know" responses, relative to "remember" responses.

Question 13

An expert is asked to comment on the confidence-accuracy relationship of an eyewitness's report. The expert will state that

Accepted Answer

A)   the higher the witness's confidence, the more likely it is that the memory is accurate.
B)   the lower the witness's confidence, the more likely it is that the memory is accurate.
C)   extremely high confidence is a good indicator of an accurate memory, but more moderate levels of confidence are uninformative.
D)   confidence levels are a poor indicator of the accuracy of recall.

Question 14

Describe the effect that treatments such as hypnosis, pharmaceuticals, and electrical stimulation can have on memory. Would you trust the memories that resulted from these techniques? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Treatments such as hypnosis, pharmaceuti...

Question 15

Participants viewed a series of slides depicting an automobile accident. Immediately afterward, half of the participants were asked, "How fast were the cars going when they hit each other?" The other participants were asked, "How fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?" One week later, all participants were asked more questions about the slides, including whether they had seen any broken glass in the slides. A comparison of the two groups of participants is likely to show that

Accepted Answer

A)   participants who were asked the "smashed" question gave higher estimates of speed and were more likely to remember seeing broken glass.
B)   the groups gave similar estimates of speed, but the "smashed" group was more likely to remember seeing broken glass.
C)   participants who were asked the "smashed" question gave higher estimates of speed, but the groups gave similar responses to the "broken glass" question.
D)   the minor contrast in how the groups were questioned had no effect on participants' memories.

Question 16

We cannot prevent memory errors, but can they be detected?

Accepted Answer

A)   Yes, they can be detected by using confidence as an indirect measure of accuracy.
B)   Yes, they can be detected by using physiological measures of emotion.
C)   No, they cannot be detected, but confidence is strongly correlated with accuracy.
D)   Currently there is no reliable detector.

Question 17

This chapter argues that the way the details of complex episodes are held together actually leads to errors. Which component of the connections leads to both the successes and errors of memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   the length of the memory connections
B)   the density of the memory connections
C)   the strength of the memory connections
D)   the size of the most important memory connection

Question 18

If given a list of the words "white," "winter," "cold," and "flake," which word will people be MOST likely to erroneously report on a later memory test?

Accepted Answer

A)   December
B)   bright
C)   fall
D)   snow

Question 19

Evidence suggests that decay

Accepted Answer

A)   accounts for the vast majority of forgetting.
B)   probably explains far less forgetting than interference or retrieval failure.
C)   in combination with repression explains virtually all of forgetting.
D)   occurs for all memories.

Question 20

When presented with a list of words along a theme (e.g., "bed," "rest," "slumber," "dream," "tired") , participants often (mis) recall the theme word as part of the list (e.g., "sleep") . This procedure is commonly referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)   Disclusion-Recall-Memory procedure.
B)   Decreased-Remembering-Magniture procedure.
C)   Deese-Roediger-McDermott procedure.
D)   Daily-Reconstructing-Mnemonics procedure.

Exam 7: Remembering Complex Events

In the process of memory consolidation, memories are

Correct Answer
verified

The misinformation effect refers to the fact that false information, presented after a participant has encoded an event, can intrude into the participant's subsequent recall of the event. This "planting" of memories

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about memory accuracy is NOT true?

Correct Answer
verified

If given a list of the words "white," "winter," "cold," and "flake," which word will people be MOST likely to erroneously report on a later memory test?

Correct Answer
verified

This chapter argues that the way the details of complex episodes are held together actually leads to errors. Which component of the connections leads to both the successes and errors of memory?

Correct Answer
verified

Intrusion errors in memory are errors

Correct Answer
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Researchers were interested in how "Remember" and "Know" judgments are related to memory accuracy. What did they find?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe how schematic knowledge can influence memory. Include in your answer an explanation of how schematic knowledge can be both helpful and damaging to memory.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Schematic knowledge refers to the organi...
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Which of the following refers to the hypothesis that memories fade or erode with the passage of time?

Correct Answer
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Describe the remember/know procedure. Include a description of the possible dependent variables that can be assessed with this method and the basic findings with respect to memory accuracy and errors.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The remember/know procedure is a method ...
View Answer

In a study by Brewer and Treyens (1981) , participants waited in an experimenter's office for the experiment to begin. After they left the room, they learned that the study was about their memory of that office. This study demonstrated that

Correct Answer
verified

We cannot prevent memory errors, but can they be detected?

Correct Answer
verified

Evidence suggests that decay

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the effect that treatments such as hypnosis, pharmaceuticals, and electrical stimulation can have on memory. Would you trust the memories that resulted from these techniques? Why or why not?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Treatments such as hypnosis, pharmaceuti...
View Answer

The creation of false memories in someone is possible

Correct Answer
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Which of the following claims regarding schema-based knowledge is NOT true?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

When presented with a list of words along a theme (e.g., "bed," "rest," "slumber," "dream," "tired") , participants often (mis) recall the theme word as part of the list (e.g., "sleep") . This procedure is commonly referred to as the

Correct Answer
verified

An expert is asked to comment on the confidence-accuracy relationship of an eyewitness's report. The expert will state that

Correct Answer
verified

By using leading questions and misinformation, researchers have been able to

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Remembering Complex Events

In the process of memory consolidation, memories are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The misinformation effect refers to the fact that false information, presented after a participant has encoded an event, can intrude into the participant's subsequent recall of the event. This "planting" of memories

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about memory accuracy is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If given a list of the words "white," "winter," "cold," and "flake," which word will people be MOST likely to erroneously report on a later memory test?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This chapter argues that the way the details of complex episodes are held together actually leads to errors. Which component of the connections leads to both the successes and errors of memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intrusion errors in memory are errors

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers were interested in how "Remember" and "Know" judgments are related to memory accuracy. What did they find?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how schematic knowledge can influence memory. Include in your answer an explanation of how schematic knowledge can be both helpful and damaging to memory.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AISchematic knowledge refers to the organi...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following refers to the hypothesis that memories fade or erode with the passage of time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the remember/know procedure. Include a description of the possible dependent variables that can be assessed with this method and the basic findings with respect to memory accuracy and errors.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe remember/know procedure is a method ...View AnswerShow Answer

In a study by Brewer and Treyens (1981) , participants waited in an experimenter's office for the experiment to begin. After they left the room, they learned that the study was about their memory of that office. This study demonstrated that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We cannot prevent memory errors, but can they be detected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence suggests that decay

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the effect that treatments such as hypnosis, pharmaceuticals, and electrical stimulation can have on memory. Would you trust the memories that resulted from these techniques? Why or why not?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AITreatments such as hypnosis, pharmaceuti...View AnswerShow Answer

The creation of false memories in someone is possible

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following claims regarding schema-based knowledge is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When presented with a list of words along a theme (e.g., "bed," "rest," "slumber," "dream," "tired") , participants often (mis) recall the theme word as part of the list (e.g., "sleep") . This procedure is commonly referred to as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An expert is asked to comment on the confidence-accuracy relationship of an eyewitness's report. The expert will state that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By using leading questions and misinformation, researchers have been able to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Schematic knowledge refers to the organi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The remember/know procedure is a method ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Treatments such as hypnosis, pharmaceuti...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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