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By what other process other than plastic flow or basal slip can a glacier move over its bed?

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by deforming underly...

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________ are erosional features produced by valley/alpine glaciers.


A) Moraines
B) Cirques
C) Eskers
D) Drumlins

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In broad lowlands below steep glaciated mountains (e.g.Ellesmere Island today), valley glaciers coalesce to form ________.

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Piedmont o...

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A ________ is an erosional feature specifically produced by alpine glaciation.


A) lateral moraine
B) kame
C) V-shaped valley
D) U-shaped valley

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An esker is made of ________.


A) sand and gravel
B) rock
C) till
D) mud

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Abrasion and plucking generally involve what part of a glacier?


A) the internal, flowage zone
B) the snout zone
C) the surface, brittle zone
D) the basal, sliding zone

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The most spectacular glacial landforms are caused by vast continental ice sheets.

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The wobbling motion of a spinning object is known as ________.

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The steep, triangular shaped cliffs that flank hanging valleys are called ________.


A) arêtes
B) faceted nunataks
C) lateral moraines
D) truncated spurs

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A ________ forms when stagnant, glacial ice melts after being buried by till or outwash.


A) tarn
B) kettle
C) drumlin
D) horn

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The abrupt break in stream gradients in glaciated terrains often leads to spectacular mountain waterfalls such as at Trout Pond Newfoundland and Helmcken Falls in Wells Gray Park, B.C.These are all examples of what kind of glacial valley intersection?

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How much of Earths land surface is currently covered by glacial ice?


A) <1%
B) 10%
C) 25%
D) 45%

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The Pleistocene Epoch began about 6 million years ago.

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Which one of the following prominent features were significantly larger than at present day during the Pleistocene glacial episodes?


A) terminal moraines of continental ice sheets that moved south from Canada
B) the Great Lakes and Lake Agassiz
C) horns, arêtes, and cirques produced by alpine glaciation
D) subaerial fan deltas covering more extensive coastal plains

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Boulders that are lithologically different than the local bedrock (like a loose Precambrian gneiss found sitting on top of bedded Paleozoic limestones) are called ________.


A) come from aways
B) ecstatics
C) erratics
D) transportees

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Ice masses that entirely cover uplands and plateaus such as the islands in Nunavut or Vatnajukull in Iceland are called ________.


A) alpine glaciers
B) crevasse splays
C) ice caps
D) ice sheets

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Glaciation is episodic because it has occurred at various times in Earth history since the Precambrian, but periodic in detail because of the alternating glacial and interglacial stages as seen in the Pleistocene.

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When did the great southern hemisphere glaciation of Pangaea occur?


A) Permian Period
B) Pliocene Epoch
C) Pleistocene Epoch
D) Proterozoic Eon

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A ________ is a glacier-cut valley that was partly flooded as sea level rose.


A) kettle lake
B) fjord
C) arête
D) tarn

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A cirque is made of ________.


A) rock
B) till
C) sand and gravel
D) mud

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