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Exam 1: Basic Concepts and Methods

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Question 41

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A researcher is interested in determining the effects of a medication on high blood pressure. She administers treatment to one group and no special treatment to the remaining group. The group that receives no special treatment is referred to as

A) the experimental group.
B) the control group.
C) the placebo group.
D) the contrast group.

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Question 42

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Which scientist contributed the concept of developmental stages to the scientific study of human development?

A) Charles Darwin
B) John Watson
C) Arnold Gesell
D) G. Stanley Hall

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Question 43

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"Ethnography" is a term that describes a system of meanings and customs shared by an identifiable group and transmitted across generations.

Dr. Jones requires the students in her developmental psychology class to participate in research on parenting style and childhood punishment. Each student completes a survey and responds to questions about these topics. When all data is collected, Dr. Jones condenses each student's responses and creates an alphabetized summary sheet of the data as a handout for the participants. Is there a problem with this strategy?

Which of the following best describes Arnold Gesell's thoughts on maturation?

How did the threat of war in Europe lead directly to the creation of a formal organization of practicing psychologists in Canada?

Arnold Gesell suggested the term ________ to describe genetically programmed sequential patterns of change such as puberty or menopause.

Which of the following is the BEST example of an "off-time" event that could have negative effects upon an individual's development?

Which of the following is NOT a goal of developmental psychology?

______ are recognized as the first scientific studies of child development.

Roberta is intelligent, works hard, and is 20 years old. She applies for a job at a bank to help pay for her college education. She does not get the job, because the bank feels she is not old enough. Roberta has experienced

The _____ issue seeks to find out if age-related change is determined more by qualitative or quantitative factors.

If a control group is not used during an experiment, the researcher cannot rule out the possibility that something other than the treatment is creating the observed results.

In a(n) ________ design, subjects of different ages are studied at the same time and the results are compared.

________ is the term used to describe the average age at which children reach developmental milestones.

A researcher interested in the effects of test anxiety on math test performance finds 40 volunteer students who report high levels of test anxiety. The researcher randomly assigns 20 of the students to a workshop on relaxation techniques and the other 20 students to a workshop on basic computer skills. After four weeks of classes, the researcher compares the average math test scores of the two groups to see which group has better scores. The independent variable in this study is ________ and the dependent variable is ________.

The concepts of vulnerability and resilience coupled with environmental factors are key features of the ______ model of development.

A researcher who wants to study how radiation affects a developing human fetus might use a(n) ________ research design.

A cohort is

The idea that there are significant periods in development when an organism is especially sensitive to the presence or absence of particular influences is referred to as