Question 1

The __________ secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate,promotes alertness,quickens reflexes,and stimulates the fetal nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)   thyroid gland
B)   pancreas
C)   adrenal gland
D)   parathyroid gland
E)   thymus

Question 2

Which of the following organs has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

Accepted Answer

A)   The adrenal gland
B)   The salivary glands
C)   The ovary
D)   The pineal gland
E)   The thymus

Question 3

The absence of iodine in the diet leads to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   hypoparathyroidism
B)   hypothyroidism
C)   hypocalcemia
D)   hypoglycemia
E)   hypoxemia

Question 4

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

A)   They secrete substances that do not alter the metabolism of their target cells,but have extracellular effects.
B)   They secrete their products by way of ducts.
C)   They have an unusually low density of blood capillaries.
D)   They release their secretions into the blood.
E)   Their secretions may be released onto the body surface.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events leading to the polyuria and dehydration associated with diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hyperglycemia → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose enters renal tubules → osmotic diuresis
B)   Hyperglycemia → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → osmotic diuresis
C)   Hyperglycemia → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → osmotic diuresis → glucose transport maximum exceeded
D)   Hyperglycemia → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → osmotic diuresis
E)   Osmotic diuresis → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → hyperglycemia

Question 6

Peptide hormones are synthesized by cytoplasmic ribosomes as active enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

T4 and T3 are __________ hormones that are mainly transported __________ in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)   monoamine;bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) 
B)   monoamine;unbound (free) 
C)   steroid;bound to transcortin-binding protein (TBP) 
D)   steroid;unbound (free) 
E)   catecholamine;bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)

Question 8

Which of the following is not a cause of Cushing syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)   ACTH hypersecretion by the pituitary
B)   ACTH-secreting tumors
C)   Hyperactivity of the adrenal cortex
D)   Hyperactivity of the adrenal medulla
E)   Excess cortisol secretion

Question 9

During the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) ,stress overwhelms homeostasis.One characteristic of this stage is that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   glycogen supplies are depleted
B)   energy demands are met primarily by fat metabolism
C)   fermentation is not enough to provide the necessary ATP
D)   energy demands are met primarily by protein metabolism
E)   energy demands are met primarily by carbohydrate metabolism

Question 10

Of the following hormones,which has more target cells in the body than the others?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
B)   Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) 
C)   Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) 
D)   Growth hormone (GH) 
E)   Oxytocin (OT)

Question 11

Which of the following makes it possible for even a small quantity of hormone to have a strong effect on its target cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Negative feedback inhibition
B)   The antagonistic effect
C)   Up-regulation
D)   Enzyme amplification
E)   Down-regulation

Question 12

The initial response to stress is called the _________ and is mediated mainly by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   resistance stage;cortisol
B)   resistance stage;aldosterone and cortisol
C)   alarm reaction;norepinephrine and epinephrine
D)   alarm reaction;cortisol
E)   exhaustion stage;norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 13

The _________ secretes growth hormone,which is also known as somatotropin.

Accepted Answer

A)   posterior pituitary
B)   anterior pituitary
C)   hypothalamus
D)   thyroid
E)   thymus

Question 14

Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Hormones are normally secreted via ducts into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Myxedema is characterized by low metabolic rate,sluggishness,and sleepiness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The ___________ can be found as part of the epithalamus,near the superior colliculi of the midbrain.

Accepted Answer

A)   hypothalamus
B)   pituitary gland
C)   pineal gland
D)   hypophysis
E)   adrenal gland

Question 18

Any situation that upsets homeostasis and threatens one's physical or emotional well-being is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   stress
B)   pathology
C)   disease
D)   hyperthyroidism
E)   hirsuitism

Question 19

The exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response)sets in only if protein reserves are depleted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is not a role of prostaglandins?

Accepted Answer

A)   To induce labor contractions
B)   To stop fever and pain
C)   To constrict or dilate arterioles
D)   To act as vasodilators or vasoconstrictors
E)   To inhibit gastric secretion

Exam 17: The Endocrine System

T4 and T3 are __________ hormones that are mainly transported __________ in the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The initial response to stress is called the _________ and is mediated mainly by __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a cause of Cushing syndrome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ___________ can be found as part of the epithalamus,near the superior colliculi of the midbrain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a role of prostaglandins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peptide hormones are synthesized by cytoplasmic ribosomes as active enzymes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Myxedema is characterized by low metabolic rate,sluggishness,and sleepiness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response)sets in only if protein reserves are depleted.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events leading to the polyuria and dehydration associated with diabetes mellitus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any situation that upsets homeostasis and threatens one's physical or emotional well-being is called __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate,promotes alertness,quickens reflexes,and stimulates the fetal nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) ,stress overwhelms homeostasis.One characteristic of this stage is that __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _________ secretes growth hormone,which is also known as somatotropin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following organs has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The absence of iodine in the diet leads to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormones are normally secreted via ducts into the bloodstream.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following hormones,which has more target cells in the body than the others?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following makes it possible for even a small quantity of hormone to have a strong effect on its target cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

T₄ and T₃ are hormones that are mainly transported in the blood.

Correct Answer
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The initial response to stress is called the _ and is mediated mainly by __.

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