Exam 11: Physical and Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

A) denature proteins when in a 50-95% alcohol-water solution.
B) disinfect items soaked in alcohol.
C) are skin degerming agents.
D) at 50% or higher concentrations dissolve cell membrane lipids.
E) All of the choices are correct.

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A) ultraviolet radiation.
B) boiling water.
C) HEPA filters.
D) pasteurization.
E) hydrogen peroxide.

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A) Lysol.
B) hexachlorophene.
C) triclosan.
D) cresols.
E) chloramines.

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A) they are complexes of iodine and a neutral polymer.
B) this formulation allows a quick release of free iodine.
C) this formulation increases its penetration.
D) it is less prone to staining or irritating tissue.
E) a common iodophor is Betadine.

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For plastic Petri dishes to be used for ...

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A) Cidex.
B) cationic detergents.
C) hydrogen peroxide.
D) chlorhexidine.
E) iodophors.

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A) cells die at increasingly greater rates
B) only older cells die in a culture
C) cells in a culture die at a constant rate
D) upon contact with the control agent, all cells die at one time
E) cells become metabolically inactive but are never killed

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A) air.
B) liquids.
C) human tissues.
D) medical instruments.
E) All of the choices are correct.

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A) is less efficient than moist heat.
B) cannot sterilize.
C) includes tyndallization.
D) is used in devices called autoclaves.
E) will sterilize at 121° C for 15 minutes.

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Antisepsis, disinfection, sanitization, and sterilization are all methods used to control microbial growth, but they differ in the techniques used and the level of microbial control achieved. Antisepsis involves the use of antimicrobial agents on living tissue to reduce the number of microorganisms. This technique is commonly used in healthcare settings, such as before surgery, to prevent infection. Antiseptics are typically applied topically and are designed to be safe for use on skin and mucous membranes. Disinfection, on the other hand, is the process of killing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on inanimate objects. This can be achieved through the use of chemical agents, heat, or radiation. Disinfection is commonly used in settings such as hospitals, laboratories, and food processing facilities to reduce the risk of infection. Sanitization refers to the reduction of microbial populations to safe levels as determined by public health standards. This is often achieved through cleaning and the use of chemical agents, and is commonly used in food preparation and service settings to prevent the spread of foodborne illnesses. Sterilization is the most effective method of microbial control, as it completely eliminates all forms of microbial life, including bacterial spores. This can be achieved through the use of heat, chemicals, radiation, or filtration. Sterilization is commonly used in healthcare settings, laboratories, and the food industry to ensure that equipment and products are free from microbial contamination. In summary, while all of these methods aim to control microbial growth, they differ in the techniques used and the level of microbial control achieved. Antisepsis and disinfection are effective at reducing microbial populations, while sanitization and sterilization provide higher levels of microbial control, with sterilization being the most effective method for complete elimination of microorganisms.

A) disinfection.
B) sterilization.
C) antisepsis.
D) sanitization.
E) degermation.

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E

A) hydrogen peroxide
B) chloramines
C) fluorine
D) quaternary ammonium compounds
E) sodium iodide

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B

A) tincture of iodine
B) Merthiolate
C) silver nitrate solutions
D) zinc
E) Mercurochrome

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A) ground beef and other meat and poultry
B) human tissues such as heart valves and skin
C) operating room air
D) surgical gloves
E) All of the choices are correct.

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A) food is not made radioactive by the process.
B) the World Health Organization does not endorse this process.
C) it is approved in the U.S.for beef, chicken, and pork.
D) it can lead to a longer shelf life for the irradiated food.
E) no irradiated food can be sold without clear labeling.

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Pasteurization is a process used to kill...

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