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Exam 1: A View of Life

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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Why is evolution an important process for living things?

A) It gives them more traits.
B) It gives them the perfect traits.
C) It gives them fewer traits.
D) It gives them traits that better match their environment.
E) It gives them only the right traits.

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Question 22

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The beaks of birds are well suited to the type of food they eat. This result arises from

A) organisms changing so that they can do things more efficiently.
B) adaptations that occur as part of natural selection leading to a closer and closer fit between organisms and their environment.
C) birds eating only what their beaks are well suited to eat.
D) adaptations only allowing those organisms who are well suited to a food source to feed on it.
E) natural selection causing adaptations to develop in the birds to match the beaks.

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Question 23

Multiple Choice

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Bioethics is a branch of biology concerned with

Which of the following is the most encompassing level of organization?

Populations of amphibians, including frogs and toads, have been plagued by disease and high rates of deformity. A recent study investigated whether problems among the populations have arisen due to poisons from chemicals associated with agriculture. Biologists from the University of Florida collected local adult cane toads (Bufo marinus) from more than 20 different locations. Toads were collected from areas close to agriculture; both large-scale and small-scale farms as well as from suburbs. At collection sites where 50-97% of the adjacent land was farmed, males showed high levels of feminization. Feminized male toads were similar in color to females and had lower levels of testosterone and often also deformed gonads. These changes can lead to sterile males or changes in behavior that prevent mating from occurring. In this study, what is the genus of the study animal?

Living organisms must constantly take in energy in order to power functions necessary to remain alive. The chemical reaction that involve energy conversion are called

Which of the following statements, is not true with respect to scientific theory?

The purpose of a control group in an experiment is

Which of the following is NOT true with regards to extinction?

Populations of amphibians, including frogs and toads, have been plagued by disease and high rates of deformity. A recent study investigated whether problems among the populations have arisen due to poisons from chemicals associated with agriculture. Biologists from the University of Florida collected local adult cane toads (Bufo marinus) from more than 20 different locations. Toads were collected from areas close to agriculture; both large-scale and small-scale farms as well as from suburbs. At collection sites where 50-97% of the adjacent land was farmed, males showed high levels of feminization. Feminized male toads were similar in color to females and had lower levels of testosterone and often also deformed gonads. These changes can lead to sterile males or changes in behavior that prevent mating from occurring. At the end of their study, scientists stated that they had supported their theory that agricultural chemical cause deformities.

Populations of amphibians, including frogs and toads, have been plagued by disease and high rates of deformity. A recent study investigated whether problems among the populations have arisen due to poisons from chemicals associated with agriculture. Biologists from the University of Florida collected local adult cane toads (Bufo marinus) from more than 20 different locations. Toads were collected from areas close to agriculture; both large-scale and small-scale farms as well as from suburbs. At collection sites where 50-97% of the adjacent land was farmed, males showed high levels of feminization. Feminized male toads were similar in color to females and had lower levels of testosterone and often also deformed gonads. These changes can lead to sterile males or changes in behavior that prevent mating from occurring. Based on this study, what is/are the test group(s) ?

Richard is an avid gardener who spends a lot of time caring for the plants in his garden. To minimize damage from pests from his garden, Richard uses a pesticide spray. At first the spray is very effective and kills off most of the insects that he sees on his vegetable plants. However, after a few years of using the same pesticide he notices that some insects are surviving and continuing to eat his plants. This selection for herbicide resistance in the insects is an example of

Martin keeps a worm bin in his basement because they need cooler temperatures to survive. He feeds them about 1 pound of kitchen scraps each week. One summer the temperatures rise above the optimal temperature for the red worms (~ 85°F) and many in his colony die. However, those that survive continue to reproduce and within 6 months his colony is again thriving. The next summer, unusually warm temperatures again cause the basement temperatures to rise above 85°F for 2 days in a row. Surprisingly, Martin noticed that only a small portion of the worm colony died. What is the best explanation for this?

Richard is an avid gardener who spends a lot of time caring for the plants in his garden. To minimize damage from pests from his garden, Richard uses a pesticide spray. At first the spray is very effective and kills off most of the insects that he sees on his vegetable plants. However, after a few years of using the same pesticide he notices that some insects are surviving and continuing to eat his plants. The ability of some of the insects to survive pesticide spraying would be considered

Which of the following classification categories for humans is not correct?

Scientists were studying temperature selection among pregnant big brown bats. What would the treatment group be in this experiment?

Richard is an avid gardener who spends a lot of time caring for the plants in his garden. To minimize damage from pests from his garden, Richard uses a pesticide spray. At first the spray is very effective and kills off most of the insects that he sees on his vegetable plants. However, after a few years of using the same pesticide he notices that some insects are surviving and continuing to eat his plants. The constant use of pesticides by Richard has led to genetic changes in the population over many generations. This is an example of

Linda is studying the interaction between porcupines, pinion pine trees, and pine bark beetles. Over the course of her study in northern Texas, she observes the behaviors of 25 porcupines, records the location of 151 pinion pines, and traps 332 beetles. Her study encompasses _________ population(s) and ___________ organisms.

Natural selection is a process where organisms that are better suited to a certain set of environmental conditions tend to survive and reproduce more often than others. This leads to evolution as

The smallest unit of life is a