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The idea that femaleness is simply what happens when an embryo does not develop as a male is no longer supported by evidence because of the discovery of


A) the SRY gene in females.
B) genes whose expression is necessary for female structures to develop.
C) gene that suppress all of the genes on a female's Y chromosome.
D) feminism.
E) genes that suppress expression of SRY in females.

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A male with a missing SRY gene would be phenotypically a


A) female.
B) male.
C) both male and female.
D) a female until age 12, and then a male.
E) a male until age 12, and then a female.

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In an XY embryo,production of anti-Mullerian hormone inhibits development of


A) a uterus, uterine tubes, and upper vagina.
B) the epididymides, ductus deferentia, seminal vesicles, and ejaculatory duct.
C) breasts, nipples, and aereolae.
D) the kidneys and liver.
E) the brain, cervix, and labia.

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A

Renfrew is a male boa constrictor.He has two copies of a sex chromosome called a Z chromosome.Renfrew is a member of the __________ sex.


A) homozygous
B) homogametic
C) hemizygous
D) heterozygous
E) hermaphroditic

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Human males are the _______ sex.


A) homozygous
B) homogametic
C) heterogametic
D) heterozygous
E) hermaphroditic

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The male-specific region of the Y chromosome


A) lies between the two pseudoautosomal regions.
B) includes sequences that have counterparts on the X chromosome.
C) has few protein-encoding genes.
D) has regions called amplicons that include many palindromic sequences.
E) has all of the above.

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X-linked genes have different patterns of expression in females and males because


A) they are suppressed in males.
B) they are expressed in females only.
C) males have only one copy of these genes.
D) they determine maleness or femaleness.
E) there are two copies in males.

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Sean has congenital generalized hypertrichosis,an X-linked dominant condition that produces dense hair on the face and upper body.He can pass this trait


A) definitely to a daughter and definitely not to a son.
B) definitely to a son and definitely not to a daughter.
C) with equal probability to a son or daughter.
D) with a probability of 1/2 to a son and 1/4 to a daughter.
E) to a child only if he never shaves off the extra hair.

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In female mammals,


A) the Y chromosome is shut off in every cell.
B) the maternally inherited X chromosome is shut off in every cell.
C) the paternally inherited X chromosome is shut off in some cells.
D) one X chromosome is shut off in a germline cell.
E) both SRY genes are activated.

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Plumage in chickens is of two varieties,a "hen" pattern and a "cock" pattern.They differ because the trait is sex-limited - that is,males have different feather arrangements than females.The autosomal gene H controls the trait in this manner:  Genotype  Phenotype HH hen pattern in both sexes Hh hen pattern in both sexes hh hen pattern in females and cock pattern in males \begin{array} { l l } \underline{\text { Genotype } }& \underline{\text { Phenotype }} \\ H H & \text { hen pattern in both sexes } \\H h & \text { hen pattern in both sexes } \\h h & \text { hen pattern in females and cock pattern in males }\end{array} Henrietta is one of a flock of hens who has chicks with Boris,the lone rooster.He has tantalizingly beautiful plumage in the cock pattern.If Henrietta is genotype Hh,the probability that a male chick will have his father's gorgeous plumage is


A) 1/8.
B) 1/4.
C) 1/2.
D) 1/3.
E) 2/3.

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C

A gene on the Y chromosome that determines maleness is


A) ABO.
B) XIST.
C) SRY.
D) a Barr body.
E) E.BOY.

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In males,genes on the X chromosome are


A) expressed.
B) silenced.
C) disease-causing.
D) mutant.
E) autosomal.

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An allele that is dominant in one sex but recessive in the other is


A) X-linked.
B) differentiated.
C) sex-limited.
D) sex-influenced.
E) Y-linked.

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The Y chromosome was challenging to sequence because


A) it is very small.
B) the sequence has many sites of high symmetry called palindromes.
C) it is very similar to the X chromosome.
D) not enough men volunteered to have their Y chromosomes sequenced.
E) it is very rare.

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In genomic imprinting,the expression of a genetic disorder depends on


A) the age of the mother when she became pregnant.
B) the sex of the child.
C) whether the trait is X-linked or autosomal.
D) which parent transmits the disease-causing allele.
E) the number of pseudoautosomal genes transmitted.

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A carrier of an X-linked recessive trait who experiences the phenotype is called a


A) manifesting homozygote.
B) manifesting mutant.
C) manifest destiny.
D) manifesting heterozygote.
E) imprinting heterozygote.

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D

X inactivation is controlled by


A) the SRY gene.
B) the XIST gene.
C) the XTASY gene.
D) whether or not a woman takes birth control pills.
E) the location of the spindle in mitosis.

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Unspecialized structures in embryos that develop into female sex organs are the


A) Mullerian ducts.
B) Cowper's glands.
C) Wolffian ducts.
D) oocytes.
E) Barr bodies.

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A boy developed signs of sexual maturity at age 3.A possible diagnosis is


A) XY female syndrome.
B) XX male syndrome.
C) SRY deficiency.
D) congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
E) a deletion of the SRY gene.

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Eight-year-old Rhapsody has just learned that her younger brother Clyde is colorblind.Although she knows she has color vision because her cat Juice is clearly orange,and she reads that nearly all people with colorblindness are boys,she is concerned about her own sons one day.If she is a carrier for colorblindness,then the risk that a son of hers is colorblind is


A) dependent on the genes the child's father contributes.
B) 1/8.
C) 1/4.
D) 1/2.
E) not possible to calculate with the given information.

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