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To create a market-product grid for bed pillows, the most effective way to segment the market would be using


A) the age of the sleeper: less than 18 years of age, 18 to 44 years of age, or 45 years and older.
B) the sleeper's annual income: less than $25,000, $25,000 to $49,999, or $50,000 and over.
C) the sleeper's gender: male or female.
D) the time of sleep: day or night.
E) how the sleeper sleeps: side, back, or stomach.

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The Zappos segmentation strategy is based on


A) offering the best selection of shoes and the best service to online shoppers.
B) designing shoes for every type of occasion.
C) dividing all their customers into two distinct segments: people shopping for low price and people shopping for style.
D) offering the best selection of shoes through multiple channels of distribution.
E) maintaining the simplest method of price points to make the purchase process easy.

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Aggregating prospective buyers into groups that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action is referred to as


A) consumer differentiation.
B) psychographics.
C) market segmentation.
D) market delineation.
E) aggregation marketing.

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Assume you are manager of The Outback Steak House, a franchised restaurant that has opened at new location in St. Louis. Describe which segmentation base(s) and possible segmentation variable(s) you would use to segment its market and explain why each supports the appropriate market segmentation strategy.

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Students should choose from the segmenta...

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Which of the following is not a reason to segment a market?


A) The ability to assign buyers to a segment is simple and cost-effective.
B) It would cause an increase in market share or profit.
C) All the buyers in the entire market have similar wants and needs.
D) There is a potential marketing action to reach it.
E) There are different wants and needs of buyers in the entire market.

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Usage rate refers to


A) the percentage of total possible users divided by the total number of consumers who actually use a product or service.
B) the number of times a customer uses or recommends a product or service annually.
C) quantity consumed or patronage (store visits) during a specific period.
D) the maximum number of times a customer has used a product or service historically.
E) the profits a firm earns from customers who consume a particular product or service.

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About 3 percent of the population has some degree of allergic reaction, usually mild, to preservatives used in salad bars. Restaurants might consider people with these allergies as a separate segment. To implement this segmentation strategy, restaurants would have to prepare a regular salad bar and a special salad bar for the allergies segment. This multiple product, multiple market segment strategy would have the greatest difficulty meeting which of the following criteria used to form market segments?


A) different needs of buyers among different segments
B) similarity of needs of potential buyers within a segment
C) simplicity and cost-effectiveness of assigning potential buyers to segments
D) potential for increased profit and ROI
E) potential of a marketing action to reach a segment

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Product differentiation refers to


A) a good, service, or idea consisting of a bundle of tangible and intangible attributes that satisfies consumers' needs.
B) the unique combination of product benefits received by targeted buyers.
C) those characteristics of a product that make it superior to competitive substitutes.
D) a marketing strategy that involves a firm using different marketing mix actions to help consumers perceive the product as being different and better than competing products.
E) the legal requirement that requires a specified degree of distinction between products to ensure an organization's intellectual property rights.

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Marketers use perceptual maps as a means to display or graph in two dimensions the location of products or brands


A) against large market segments in a market-product grid.
B) against small market segments in a market-product grid.
C) in virtual space that represents the business or product's time in existence and growth.
D) in the minds of consumers.
E) against the revenues generated by other products or brands within the company.

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Criteria for forming segments involve both similarities and differences. Which of the following statements is most accurate?


A) Within a segment, the needs of potential buyers should be different; among segments, the needs of buyers should be similar.
B) Within a segment, the needs of potential buyers should be similar; among segments, the needs of buyers should be different.
C) The needs of buyers should be different, both between segments and within segments.
D) The needs of buyers should be the same, both between segments and within segments.
E) If there are any differences at all, you should forgo any segmentation.

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Cannibalization would most likely occur if


A) Dell adds high-end speaker systems to its line.
B) General Mills launches Caramel Crunch Cheerios.
C) General Motors markets a motorcycle similar to the Can-Am Spyder Roadster three-wheel bike.
D) Pillsbury adds boxed sugar to its product mix.
E) Procter & Gamble adds a new line of baby clothing to its Pampers stable of products.

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Frequency marketing is a strategy that focuses on


A) demographics.
B) benefits offered.
C) usage rate.
D) geography.
E) lifestyle.

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Building open and honest relationships with communication is an example of one of Zappos'


A) target markets.
B) best practices being adapted from its new owner, Amazon.com.
C) 10 core values.
D) supplier requirements.
E) long-term goals.

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Market segmentation involves aggregating prospective buyers into groups that __________ and will respond similarly to a marketing action.


A) respond similarly to marketing messages
B) have similar shopping styles
C) will become loyal customers
D) have common needs
E) will become stakeholders of the organization

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In marketing, each __________ consists of people who are relatively similar to each other in terms of their consumption behavior.


A) demographic cluster
B) organizational buyer group
C) market segment
D) ultimate consumer group
E) qualified prospect group

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When compared to a multiple products, multiple market segments strategy, a one product, multiple market segment strategy


A) is a much more effective means of meeting consumers' individual needs.
B) creates greater savings in production costs.
C) is a more effective way of meeting organizational objectives.
D) has significantly higher distribution costs.
E) is more profitable since a firm can charge the new segments higher prices without changing the product.

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A rehabilitation center wants to target women in their 20s who have received some permanent disability as the result of a skiing accident. In terms of the criteria used for selecting a target segment, this market may


A) have no expected growth.
B) not be compatible with the company's current resources.
C) not be worth doing since its market size is very small.
D) not be readily accessible to the firm's marketing programs.
E) be relatively expensive to reach.

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Which of the following is a disadvantage of employing a multiple products, multiple market segments strategy if not implemented well?


A) higher sales but lower profits
B) reduced quality and higher prices
C) meeting customer needs but at the expense of higher prices
D) lower prices but with higher production costs
E) higher quality but lower prices

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Positioning that involves competing directly with competitors on similar product attributes in the same target market is referred to as


A) competitive repositioning.
B) position downsizing.
C) differentiation positioning.
D) head-to-head positioning.
E) product distinction positioning.

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Selling a product to a different market segment usually requires a different marketing action that, in turn, means greater costs. If increased revenues don't offset extra costs of this action, a marketer should


A) increase the advertising budget.
B) prune the product offerings.
C) family brand the products.
D) combine segments.
E) group products into categories.

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