Question 1

The best defense against arborviruses is

Accepted Answer

A)  prophylactic rifampin.
B)  vector control.
C)  vaccination.
D)  prompt treatment with acyclovir.

Question 2

Which of the following pertains to both tetanus and foodborne botulism?

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when endospore-contaminated soil enters deep wounds
B)  caused by enterotoxins of the pathogen
C)  exotoxin blocks acetylcholine release
D)  nausea and diarrhea are symptoms
E)  treatment involves antitoxin therapy

Question 3

Botox injections contain botulinum toxin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The normal biota of the CNS consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  Neisseria meningitidis.
B)  herpes simplex I.
C)  herpes simplex II.
D)  Streptococcus agalactiae.
E)  The CNS has no normal biota.

Question 5

Viral meningitis normally requires aggressive antiviral treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The oral and inactivated polio vaccines are made from plant cell cultures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which is the exotoxin of botulism?

Accepted Answer

A)  hemolysin
B)  tetanospasm
C)  peroxidase
D)  factor V
E)  botulinum

Question 8

Polio virus initially multiplies in the

Accepted Answer

A)  intestine.
B)  CNS.
C)  lymphoid tissue.
D)  basal ganglia.

Question 9

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The organism found in powdered baby formula which can cause meningitis is

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia coli O157:H7.
B)  Escherichia coli K1.
C)  Enterobacter sakazakii.
D)  Streptococcus agalactiae.
E)  Cryptococcus neoformans.

Question 11

The preferred preventative measure for polio in the United States is

Accepted Answer

A)  inactive vaccine developed by Jonas Salk.
B)  oral,active vaccine developed by Jonas Salk.
C)  inactive vaccine developed by Albert Sabin.
D)  oral,active vaccine developed by Albert Sabin.
E)  No preventative measures are used because polio has been eradicated in the United States.

Question 12

Spongiform encephalopathies are

Accepted Answer

A)  associated with abnormal,transmissible,protein in the brain.
B)  chronic,fatal infections of the nervous system.
C)  caused by prions.
D)  Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease,kuru,and Gertsmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome.
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

Although many viruses can cause meningitis,the most common viral cause is

Accepted Answer

A)  herpes simplex.
B)  cytomegalovirus.
C)  arbovirus.
D)  enterovirus.
E)  arenavirus.

Question 14

The vector involved in African sleeping sickness is the

Accepted Answer

A)  reduviid "kissing" bug.
B)  Tsetse fly.
C)  Anopheles mosquito.
D)  Phlebotomine (sand) fly.
E)  hard-bodied tick.

Question 15

Although prion infectious agents are more closely related to viruses than any other kind of infectious agents,there are still some major differences between the two.Which statement describes a major difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prions are not destroyed by heat,and viruses can be inactivated by heat.
B)  Viruses can be transmitted by animal to human or human to human,but prions are always human to human transmission.
C)  Viruses do not contain protein,whereas prions do.
D)  Viral infections can always be treated and cured,whereas prion diseases cannot.

Question 16

Meningococcemia is

Accepted Answer

A)  best treated with penicillin G
B)  associated with vascular collapse,hemorrhage,and petechiae.
C)  started from a nasopharyngeal infection.
D)  caused by a gram-negative diplococcus.
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 17

Prions can be transmitted by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  ingesting brain material.
B)  ingesting meat from infected animals.
C)  surgical instruments.
D)  cornea transplants.
E)  All of the choices have been documents as methods of prion transmission.

Question 18

All of the following pertain to Neisseria meningitidis except

Accepted Answer

A)  virulent factors include a capsule,pili,endotoxin,and IgA protease.
B)  causes a serious meningitis.
C)  reservoir is the nasopharynx of human carriers.
D)  more easily transmitted in day care facilities,dorms,and military barracks.
E)  common cause of bacterial pneumonia.

Question 19

Encephalitis caused by arboviruses involves the development of:

Accepted Answer

A)  fever,headache,and rash.
B)  coma,convulsions,and paralysis in severe cases.
C)  myalgia and orbital pain.
D)  muscle aches and joint stiffness.
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

What do all of these diseases---amoebic encephalitis,rabies,Creutzfeld-Jacob disease--all have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are all caused by protozoan agents.
B)  Mortaility rates are all extremely high.
C)  They are all transmitted through animal bites.
D)  There is a genetic component to all of these diseases,in addition to the infectious agent.

Exam 19: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

The best defense against arborviruses is

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Meningococcemia is

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Although prion infectious agents are more closely related to viruses than any other kind of infectious agents,there are still some major differences between the two.Which statement describes a major difference?

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Viral meningitis normally requires aggressive antiviral treatment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The normal biota of the CNS consists of

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Prions can be transmitted by all of the following except

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Encephalitis caused by arboviruses involves the development of:

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Which of the following pertains to both tetanus and foodborne botulism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although many viruses can cause meningitis,the most common viral cause is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Polio virus initially multiplies in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following pertain to Neisseria meningitidis except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organism found in powdered baby formula which can cause meningitis is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do all of these diseases---amoebic encephalitis,rabies,Creutzfeld-Jacob disease--all have in common?

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Spongiform encephalopathies are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oral and inactivated polio vaccines are made from plant cell cultures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vector involved in African sleeping sickness is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The preferred preventative measure for polio in the United States is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Botox injections contain botulinum toxin.

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Which is the exotoxin of botulism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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