Question 1

The factor(s) that determine the duration of a twitch in various types of fibers is the speed of the

Accepted Answer

A)   removal of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasm only.
B)   hydrolysis of ATP only.
C)   movement of Na+ across their membranes only.
D)   removal of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasm and hydrolysis of ATP.
E)   removal of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasm and hydrolysis of ATP and movement of Na+ across their membranes.

Question 2

Match the structures with the accurate description.
-a single muscle cell

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle fiber
B)  fascicle
C)  sarcolemma
D)  myofibril
E)  t-tubules

Question 3

Most of the time,the parallel thick and thin filaments of the myofibrils are connected by ________ that span the space between myosin and actin molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)   tropomyosin molecules
B)   crossbridges
C)   nebulin molecules
D)   sarcomeres
E)   calcium ions

Question 4

For antagonistic muscle groups to move a limb,flexor contraction occurs coincident with

Accepted Answer

A)   contraction of the extensor.
B)   relaxation of the extensor.
C)   no changes in the extensor.
D)   contraction of the tendon.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a correct comparison of cardiac myocytes to other muscle cell types?

Accepted Answer

A)   Like smooth muscle cells, some cardiac myocytes have pacemaker potentials.
B)   Like some smooth muscle cells, cardiac myocytes are electrically coupled.
C)   Like skeletal muscle cells, actin and myosin are organized into sarcomeres.
D)   Like skeletal muscle, contraction of cardiac muscle is under autonomic nervous control.
E)   Like smooth muscle cells, cardiac muscle is under hormonal control.

Question 6

During heavy exercise,the ATP requirements of active muscle are likely to be met by metabolism of

Accepted Answer

A)   protein.
B)   fatty acids.
C)   carbohydrates.
D)   nucleotides.

Question 7

The gap junctions in cardiac muscle are part of specialized cell junctions that are localized to the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The gap junctions in cardiac muscle are...

Question 8

In order for high force crossbridges to form in contracting skeletal muscle,calcium must

Accepted Answer

A)   bind to calmodulin to phosphorylate the myosin.
B)   phosphorylate the tropomyosin which moves it.
C)   phosphorylate the troponin to move the tropomyosin.
D)   bind to tropomyosin which moves the troponin.
E)   bind to troponin which moves the tropomyosin.

Question 9

The interaction between Ca2+ and calmodulin in smooth muscle cells has been described as a second messenger system.Develop an argument to support this position,using another second messenger system you have studied for comparison.

Accepted Answer

Ca²⁺ forms a complex with calmodulin.This ...

Question 10

Asynchronous activation of motor units is important because it functions to ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Asynchronous activation of motor units is important...

Question 11

The function of transverse tubules is to

Accepted Answer

A)   store Ca2+ ions inside the muscle fiber.
B)   rapidly conduct action potentials to the interior of the muscle fiber.
C)   ensure a supply of glycogen throughout the muscle sarcoplasm.
D)   conduct ATP molecules out of the mitochondria throughout the sarcoplasm.

Question 12

When comparing complete tetanus with unfused (incomplete) tetanus,which is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Complete tetanus involves some relaxation between twitches.
B)   Complete tetanus involves development of maximum tension.
C)   Complete tetanus occurs at a lower frequency of stimulation than unfused tetanus.
D)   Complete tetanus would occur when there is more time between twitch contractions.

Question 13

Each myosin head has a binding site for

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium only.
B)   actin only.
C)   ATP only.
D)   calcium and ATP.
E)   actin and ATP.

Question 14

In order for the bicep muscle to shorten,the force applied by the muscle must be ________ the load applied at the hand.

Accepted Answer

A)   greater than
B)   less than
C)   equal to

Question 15

The tension generated in a skeletal muscle fiber is directly proportional to the number of

Accepted Answer

A)   thick and thin filaments present.
B)   nebulin and titin molecules present.
C)   high energy crossbridges formed.
D)   low energy crossbridges formed.
E)   active sarcomeres. C

Question 16

What are the three types of muscle tissues in the human body? What are the two common functions of muscles?

Accepted Answer

Three types of tissues are ske...

Question 17

________ is composed of multiple globular molecules polymerized to form long chains or filaments.

Accepted Answer

A)   Actin
B)   Tropomyosin
C)   Troponin
D)   Myosin
E)   Titin

Question 18

A flexor is a skeletal muscle whose shortening moves attached bones

Accepted Answer

A)   away from one another.
B)   towards one another.
C)   medially
D)   laterally. B

Question 19

The hydrolysis of ATP causes myosin to immediately

Accepted Answer

A)   swivel, moving the actin molecule.
B)   release of ADP.
C)   release from the actin.
D)   rotate into a position (cocked)  to bind to actin.
E)   bind more tightly to the actin (rigor) . D

Question 20

Describe the muscle condition called tetanus.Is this a normal or a pathological event? If it is normal,what is the function? If it is pathological,what is the cause? The bacterium Clostridium tetani causes a disease called tetanus or lockjaw; you may have been vaccinated against tetanus,especially if you ever had hospital treatment for a skin wound.Speculate on whether or not the name of this disease is related to the muscle condition and why the disease can be fatal.

Accepted Answer

Tetanus is a state of maintained contrac...

Exam 12: Muscles

The factor(s) that determine the duration of a twitch in various types of fibers is the speed of the

Correct Answer
verified

Match the structures with the accurate description. -a single muscle cell

Correct Answer
verified

Most of the time,the parallel thick and thin filaments of the myofibrils are connected by ________ that span the space between myosin and actin molecules.

Correct Answer
verified

For antagonistic muscle groups to move a limb,flexor contraction occurs coincident with

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a correct comparison of cardiac myocytes to other muscle cell types?

Correct Answer
verified

During heavy exercise,the ATP requirements of active muscle are likely to be met by metabolism of

Correct Answer
verified

The gap junctions in cardiac muscle are part of specialized cell junctions that are localized to the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

In order for high force crossbridges to form in contracting skeletal muscle,calcium must

Correct Answer
verified

The interaction between Ca²⁺ and calmodulin in smooth muscle cells has been described as a second messenger system.Develop an argument to support this position,using another second messenger system you have studied for comparison.

Correct Answer
verified
Ca²⁺ forms a complex with calmodulin.This ...
View Answer

Asynchronous activation of motor units is important because it functions to ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The function of transverse tubules is to

Correct Answer
verified

When comparing complete tetanus with unfused (incomplete) tetanus,which is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Each myosin head has a binding site for

Correct Answer
verified

In order for the bicep muscle to shorten,the force applied by the muscle must be ________ the load applied at the hand.

Correct Answer
verified

The tension generated in a skeletal muscle fiber is directly proportional to the number of

Correct Answer
verified
C

What are the three types of muscle tissues in the human body? What are the two common functions of muscles?

Correct Answer
verified
Three types of tissues are ske...
View Answer

________ is composed of multiple globular molecules polymerized to form long chains or filaments.

Correct Answer
verified

A flexor is a skeletal muscle whose shortening moves attached bones

Correct Answer
verified
B

The hydrolysis of ATP causes myosin to immediately

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified
Tetanus is a state of maintained contrac...
View Answer

Exam 12: Muscles

The factor(s) that determine the duration of a twitch in various types of fibers is the speed of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the structures with the accurate description. -a single muscle cell

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the time,the parallel thick and thin filaments of the myofibrils are connected by ________ that span the space between myosin and actin molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For antagonistic muscle groups to move a limb,flexor contraction occurs coincident with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a correct comparison of cardiac myocytes to other muscle cell types?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During heavy exercise,the ATP requirements of active muscle are likely to be met by metabolism of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gap junctions in cardiac muscle are part of specialized cell junctions that are localized to the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order for high force crossbridges to form in contracting skeletal muscle,calcium must

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The interaction between Ca2+ and calmodulin in smooth muscle cells has been described as a second messenger system.Develop an argument to support this position,using another second messenger system you have studied for comparison.

Correct AnswerverifiedCa2+ forms a complex with calmodulin.This ...View AnswerShow Answer

Asynchronous activation of motor units is important because it functions to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The function of transverse tubules is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When comparing complete tetanus with unfused (incomplete) tetanus,which is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each myosin head has a binding site for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order for the bicep muscle to shorten,the force applied by the muscle must be ________ the load applied at the hand.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tension generated in a skeletal muscle fiber is directly proportional to the number of

Correct AnswerverifiedC

What are the three types of muscle tissues in the human body? What are the two common functions of muscles?

Correct AnswerverifiedThree types of tissues are ske...View AnswerShow Answer

________ is composed of multiple globular molecules polymerized to form long chains or filaments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A flexor is a skeletal muscle whose shortening moves attached bones

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The hydrolysis of ATP causes myosin to immediately

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Correct AnswerverifiedTetanus is a state of maintained contrac...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The interaction between Ca²⁺ and calmodulin in smooth muscle cells has been described as a second messenger system.Develop an argument to support this position,using another second messenger system you have studied for comparison.

Correct Answer
verified
Ca²⁺ forms a complex with calmodulin.This ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified
Three types of tissues are ske...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
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D

Correct Answer
verified
Tetanus is a state of maintained contrac...
View Answer