Question 1

DNA methylation may be a significant mode of genetic regulation in eukaryotes.Methylation refers to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   altering RNA polymerase activity by DNA modifications
B)   changes in DNA-DNA hydrogen binding
C)   altering translational activity especially of highly methylated tRNAs
D)   alteration of DNA polymerase activity by addition of methyl groups to glycine
E)   residues F)  addition of methyl groups to the cytosine of CG doublets

Question 2

When transcription factors interact with DNA,is the resulting genetic control typically positive or negative?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When transcription factors interact with DNA,is the...

Question 3

Which process seems to be the most similar between eukaryotic and prokaryotic genetic regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)   transcriptional regulation
B)   RNA splicing regulation
C)   intron/exon shuffling
D)   5′-capping regulation
E)   poly(
A)   tail addition

Question 4

Which of the following clusters of terms applies when addressing enhancers or silencers as elements associated with eukaryotic genetic regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)   cis-acting, variable orientation, variable position
B)   trans-acting, fixed position, fixed orientation
C)   cis-acting, fixed position, fixed orientation
D)   cis-acting, variable position, fixed orientation
E)   trans- and cis-acting, variable position

Question 5

UASs (upstream activating sequences) are DNase hypersensitive.This means that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a UAS is constitutively open
B)   more than one strand of DNA exists in each UAS
C)   each UAS is likely to be single-stranded
D)   each UAS has more histone-binding sites than non-UAS sites
E)   any given UAS is composed of a double-stranded site with a bound repressor

Question 6

The human metallothionein IIA gene (hMTIIA)is transcriptionally regulated through the interplay of regulatory elements and transcription factors.What is the function of this gene,and how is it regulated by environmental circumstances?

Accepted Answer

The gene hMTIIA produces a protein that ...

Question 7

What are the approximate positions of consensus sequences (modular elements)at the 5′ end of eukaryotic genes?

Accepted Answer

GC box (-1...

Question 8

Describe the function and general nature of promoters in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

Promoter regions are necessary for the i...

Question 9

What is the general position of the consensus sequence called the GC box? What is its sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)   promoter; CAAT
B)   promoter; GGGCGG
C)   terminator; CAAT
D)   terminator; GGGCGG
E)   attenuator; GGGCGG

Question 10

List three general pathways in which eukaryotic mRNA is typically degraded in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

poly-A binding prote...

Question 11

Transcription in eukaryotes is generally influenced by enhancers just as in prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

List three major structural classifications of DNA-binding domains that are found in eukaryotic transcription factors.

Accepted Answer

helix-turn-helix (HT...

Question 13

Describe how nucleosomes may influence gene transcription.

Accepted Answer

The binding of transcription f...

Question 14

Provide a general set of statements that describes an enhancer.

Accepted Answer

The position of an enhancer ne...

Question 15

Approximately 5% of the cytosine residues are methylated in the genome of any given eukaryote.In what way is DNA methylation related to genetic regulation?

Accepted Answer

There is an inverse relationsh...

Question 16

In what way do upstream activator sequences (UASs) ,regulatory sequences in yeast,differ from enhancers and silencers?

Accepted Answer

A)   UASs function only downstream.
B)   UASs function only upstream.
C)   Enhancers function only downstream.
D)   UASs function in the middle of transcription units.
E)   UASs can function only in the 5′-3′ direction.

Question 17

One of the earliest steps in the RNAi pathway involves the association of siRNA or miRNA molecules with an enzyme complex composed mainly of reverse transcriptase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In some cases,genes undergo amplification (local,multiple duplications)when additional gene products are in high demand.Would you consider gene amplification as a form of genetic regulation in eukaryotes? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Since gene amplification involves an inc...

Question 19

In what ways are eukaryotic transcription factors thought to function?

Accepted Answer

They appear to influence the structural ...

Question 20

List at least three levels or types of genetic regulation in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

transcriptional,DNA ...

Exam 17: Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

What are the approximate positions of consensus sequences (modular elements)at the 5′ end of eukaryotic genes?

Correct AnswerverifiedGC box (-1...View AnswerShow Answer

In some cases,genes undergo amplification (local,multiple duplications)when additional gene products are in high demand.Would you consider gene amplification as a form of genetic regulation in eukaryotes? Explain your answer.

Correct AnswerverifiedSince gene amplification involves an inc...View AnswerShow Answer

In what way do upstream activator sequences (UASs) ,regulatory sequences in yeast,differ from enhancers and silencers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the general position of the consensus sequence called the GC box? What is its sequence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transcription in eukaryotes is generally influenced by enhancers just as in prokaryotes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how nucleosomes may influence gene transcription.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe binding of transcription f...View AnswerShow Answer

List at least three levels or types of genetic regulation in eukaryotes.

Correct Answerverifiedtranscriptional,DNA ...View AnswerShow Answer

Approximately 5% of the cytosine residues are methylated in the genome of any given eukaryote.In what way is DNA methylation related to genetic regulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedThere is an inverse relationsh...View AnswerShow Answer

When transcription factors interact with DNA,is the resulting genetic control typically positive or negative?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Provide a general set of statements that describes an enhancer.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe position of an enhancer ne...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following clusters of terms applies when addressing enhancers or silencers as elements associated with eukaryotic genetic regulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List three general pathways in which eukaryotic mRNA is typically degraded in eukaryotes.

Correct Answerverifiedpoly-A binding prote...View AnswerShow Answer

Describe the function and general nature of promoters in eukaryotes.

Correct AnswerverifiedPromoter regions are necessary for the i...View AnswerShow Answer

The human metallothionein IIA gene (hMTIIA)is transcriptionally regulated through the interplay of regulatory elements and transcription factors.What is the function of this gene,and how is it regulated by environmental circumstances?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe gene hMTIIA produces a protein that ...View AnswerShow Answer

In what ways are eukaryotic transcription factors thought to function?

Correct AnswerverifiedThey appear to influence the structural ...View AnswerShow Answer

DNA methylation may be a significant mode of genetic regulation in eukaryotes.Methylation refers to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List three major structural classifications of DNA-binding domains that are found in eukaryotic transcription factors.

Correct Answerverifiedhelix-turn-helix (HT...View AnswerShow Answer

One of the earliest steps in the RNAi pathway involves the association of siRNA or miRNA molecules with an enzyme complex composed mainly of reverse transcriptase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

UASs (upstream activating sequences) are DNase hypersensitive.This means that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process seems to be the most similar between eukaryotic and prokaryotic genetic regulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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GC box (-1...
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Since gene amplification involves an inc...
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Correct Answer
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The binding of transcription f...
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transcriptional,DNA ...
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There is an inverse relationsh...
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The position of an enhancer ne...
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poly-A binding prote...
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Promoter regions are necessary for the i...
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The gene hMTIIA produces a protein that ...
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They appear to influence the structural ...
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helix-turn-helix (HT...
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