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Exam 5: Attitudes and Attitude Change

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Question 21

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Transfer of affect works better for things we know well and does not work very well for things we are not familiar with.

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Question 22

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Identify and discuss two concepts that might help a person to avoid being persuaded by a message.

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Two concepts that might help a person to...

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Question 23

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Arguing against one's own self-interest makes one appear more trustworthy.

According to research, you will feel the most cognitive dissonance if you engage in a costly behavior

Most researchers now adopt a(n) ________ framework for understanding the effect of fear on persuasion.

Identify and describe the characteristics of a communicator that influence his or her ability to persuade.

Learning theories of attitudes take into account an individual's past history, whereas expectancy-value theories do not.

Which principle describes the most likely way for imbalanced attitude configurations to change toward balanced ones?

Discuss the circumstances under which a person will be influenced by peripheral cues, rather than engaging in systematic, or central, processing of a message.

Studies have shown that messages communicated by a reference group result in

Attitude objects in the __________ automatically and preconsciously activate our attitudes without any awareness on our part that this process has occurred.

The differential decay hypothesis is a possible explanation for cognitive dissonance effects.

Recent models of attitude suggest that attitudes often exist outside of conscious awareness and control.

Carl does not know much about Cuban politics, so hearing a __________ message would impact his attitudes more.

Sometimes people's behavior is determined by their attitudes, and sometimes attitudes are determined by behavior. Describe a theory, concept, or phenomenon that supports each of these two views. Be as specific as possible.

Attitudes are most consistent with behavior when the attitudes are made salient.

Summarize Bem's self-perception theory and explain how it is both similar to and different from cognitive dissonance theory.

Carlos decides to join a fraternity. He puts in a lot of effort but is treated very poorly by his future brothers. Because of his effort, Carlos is most likely to __________ his fraternity brothers.

Principles of cognitive consistency and persuasion have been shown to apply across all cultures with little variation.

Self-perception theory and dissonance theory predict that the more people are paid to make a discrepant statement, the more they believe it.