A) a recruitment and hiring policy implemented by the federal government in order to increase racial and ethnic diversity within the federal workforce.
B) the federal government's policy of replacing 10 percent of all employees with automated technology by 2020.
C) the fact that most federal employees now have appointments in two or more separate cabinet-level departments.
D) the fact that contract employees now work side by side with government employees in most areas of government activity.
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A) was reduced by about 60 percent.
B) was reduced by about 35 percent.
C) was reduced by about 10 percent.
D) did not really change at all.
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A) Barack Obama
B) George W. Bush
C) Ronald Reagan
D) Bill Clinton
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A) National Security Agency (NSA) was collecting private data such as phone calls, email messages, and web browser history on millions of Americans and foreign nationals.
B) Bush administration misrepresented intelligence information about nuclear weapons in order to justify the 2003 Iraq War.
C) September 11, 2001, attacks could have been prevented with better information sharing between the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) , the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) , and the National Security Council (NSC) .
D) CIA was violating international law by using "enhanced interrogation techniques" against suspected terrorists.
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A) by the Department of Defense.
B) on a privatized basis by private contractors.
C) by state and local governments.
D) by the State Department.
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A) rule by offices and desks
B) control of the anonymous
C) next window please
D) government by the people
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A) ultimately led to the creation of the Department of Homeland Security.
B) unified, for the first time in American history, the Air Force, the Navy Department, and the War Department.
C) breached the long-standing line between domestic law enforcement and foreign military operations for the first time.
D) was the first time the Department of Defense had taken such an action without congressional approval.
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A) the highest-ranking official in the Department of Homeland Security.
B) the only official in the United States that has access to every top secret government file.
C) responsible for coordinating the efforts of intelligence agencies and issuing a national security report to the media each morning.
D) responsible for coordinating the efforts of intelligence agencies and reporting directly to the president each morning.
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A) they are not subject to control by the president or Congress.
B) their actions cannot be overturned or challenged by courts.
C) they have the power of both "the purse" and "the sword."
D) legislatures, chief executives, and the people delegate vast power to them to make sure a particular job is done.
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A) 100,000
B) 600,000
C) 900,000
D) 1.3 million
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A) Each department in the executive branch is legally registered as a corporation.
B) It is an agency that performs and charges for services usually provided by the private sector.
C) It is a private company, publicly traded, whose sole investor is the federal government.
D) It is a government agency that is charged by Congress to make a profit.
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A) The Fed was established by George Washington and Alexander Hamilton in 1793.
B) Congress created the Fed in 1913.
C) The Fed was established in 1933, during the famous "Hundred Days" of the New Deal.
D) Richard Nixon established the Fed in 1969, as an attempt to gain more White House control over monetary policy.
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A) The IRS is the most popular agency in all of government, and this popularity leads almost all Americans to comply with the agency's rules.
B) Congress, the president, and the Treasury Department have little to no influence over the taxation decisions made by the IRS.
C) Influence over tax decisions regarding exemptions is spread broadly throughout the 50 states and is not concentrated in any one area or among any one group.
D) Key tax decisions regarding exemptions are made by Congress, the president, and the Treasury Department rather than by the IRS itself.
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A) The number of oversight hearings has decreased over time as the bureaucracy has expanded.
B) While the number of oversight hearings has increased over time as the bureaucracy has expanded, the extent of oversight does depend somewhat on which party controls the White House.
C) The number of oversight hearings has remained constant over time, despite the fact that bureaucracy has expanded.
D) Oversight has been eliminated as a result of a 2012 Supreme Court decision.
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A) There are two U.S. attorneys in each of the 94 judicial districts.
B) There are two U.S. attorneys in each of the 50 judicial districts.
C) There is one U.S. attorney in each of the 94 federal judicial districts.
D) There is one U.S. attorney in each of the 50 federal judicial districts.
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A) most agencies have a supportive constituency that will fight to reinstate any cuts that are made.
B) the Constitution prevents cuts to federal agencies lasting longer than five years.
C) every permanent cut to a federal agency must be reviewed by the Supreme Court before it can be put into effect.
D) federal law requires that the government cut every agency equally.
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A) adequate government oversight for an increasingly expanding force of independent contractors
B) an easier way for the government to collect tax revenues from government contractors
C) a safeguard against government contractors with conflicts of interest with high-ranking public officials
D) a better system for the government to find contractors to perform government jobs more quickly
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A) Congress passes laws creating and funding most federal bureaus.
B) The cabinet secretaries create most federal bureaus out of administrative necessity and convenience.
C) Most federal bureaus were explicitly described in Article II of the Constitution.
D) Most federal bureaus are created by executive order of the president.
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A) 1936; 6 million
B) 1968; 3 million
C) 1996; 8 million
D) 2005; 10 million
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A) use of a unanimous Supreme Court opinion by the lower federal courts to generate public support for a particular policy.
B) use of the nullification power by the states to declare an act of the federal government unconstitutional.
C) use of public hearings before congressional committees and subcommittees.
D) size of the total national debt.
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