A) The experiences of nurse practitioners providing health care to the homeless (Seilor, A.J. & Moss, V.A., 2012)
B) A transformative decision-making process for mammography screening among rural, low-income women (Purtzer, M.S., 2012)
C) A randomized, clinical trial of education or motivational-interviewing-based coaching compared to usual care to improve cancer pain management (Thomas, M.L., et al., 2012)
D) Older adults' perceptions of feeling safe in an intensive care unit (Lasiter, S., 2011)
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C
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A) A model tests conceptual theories.
B) A concept defines the purpose of a model.
C) Relationships between or among concepts are demonstrated in a model.
D) Concepts generate the theoretical basis for knowledge depicted in a model.
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A) Theoretical frameworks guide hypothesis formulation in qualitative and quantitative research studies.
B) Theoretical frameworks can be implicitly or explicitly stated in a research report.
C) A theoretical framework of a nursing research study must be based on nursing theories or models.
D) A theoretical framework may not be identified in all types of nursing research.
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A) Women's experiences of undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (Banner, D., et al., 2011)
B) Couple functioning and post-traumatic stress symptoms in U.S. army couples: The role of resilience (Melvin, K.C., et al., 2011)
C) A randomized, clinical trial of education or motivational-interviewing-based coaching compared to usual care to improve cancer pain management (Thomas, M.L., et al., 2012)
D) A predictive and moderating model of psychosocial resilience in adolescents (Tusaie, K., et al., 2007)
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A) Death anxiety is an uncomfortable feeling on contemplation of one's own death, measured by Templar's Death Anxiety Scale (Templar, 1986) .
B) Pain is a pattern of responses to protect the organism from harm (Sternbach, 1979) .
C) Maternal identity entails maternal cognitions and affect with regard to the maternal-infant relational system (Walker and Montgomery, 1994) .
D) Spirituality is a way of being or experiencing that comes about through an awareness of a transcendent dimension and one's identifiable values with regard to self, other, nature, and whatever one considers to be ultimate (Elkins, 1988) .
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A
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A) A concept
B) A conceptual definition
C) An operational definition
D) A model
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A) Polk's Theory of Resilience
B) Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Theory
C) Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory
D) Im's Theory of Caucasians' Cancer Pain Experience
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A) Grand nursing theory
B) Middle-range nursing theory
C) Situation-specific nursing theory
D) Another discipline's theory applied to nursing
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A) Does the research have implications across disciplines?
B) Is the researcher a recognized leader in the discipline of nursing?
C) Does the author have special expertise or education in the discipline from which the theoretical framework is derived?
D) Has the author clearly indicated the meaning of the theoretical framework to the study and linked it to nursing?
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D
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A) Practice is the operational definition of theory.
B) Practice provides the opportunity to test theory.
C) Theory provides the evidence on which practice is based.
D) Theory generates questions that are used to refine practice.
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A) Increased emphasis on evidence-based practice
B) Increased need for broad and generalizable models to explain phenomena
C) Decreased resources for funding of grand theory development
D) Decreased use of theories borrowed from other disciplines
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A) The operational definition of the study's conceptual framework
B) The assumptions and beliefs of the worldview of the researcher
C) A set of interrelated concepts that provides a systematic view of a phenomenon
D) A researcher's best guess of the direction of the relationship between variables
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