Question 1

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   The age of the sea floor is the same in most areas of the ocean.
B)   The age of the sea floor does not follow a discernable pattern.
C)   The age of the sea floor increases with increasing distance from a mid-ocean ridge.
D)   The age of the sea floor increases with increasing distance from a trench.
E)   The oldest sea floor material is several billion years in age.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about Earth's core is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is composed primarily of iron.
B)   The inner core is believed to be liquid and the outer core solid.
C)   Scientists think the inner core formed before the outer core.
D)   A third of the Earth's entire mass, but only 1/6ᵗʰ of its volume lies in its core.

Question 3

Most sedimentary rocks are derived from preexisting rocks, or from organic materials (such as bone and shell).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Uniformitarianism assumes that

Accepted Answer

A)   Earth is quite young and is shaped by dramatic events.
B)   catastrophic episodes have regularly occurred.
C)   the same physical processes we see today are a key to understanding the processes that have been operating throughout geologic time.
D)   mountains, plains, and canyons formed by catastrophic events.

Question 5

Uniformitarianism assumes the physical processes now activity have been operating throughout the Earth's history.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

According to currently accepted scientific theories, Earth is never affected by catastrophes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which layer of the planet forms 80 percent of Earth's total volume, and has an average density of 4.5 grams/cm³?

Accepted Answer

A)   continental crust
B)   oceanic crust
C)   mantle
D)   core

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an intrusive, igneous rock formation?

Accepted Answer

A)   volcano
B)   pluton
C)   dome
D)   lava flow

Question 9

Which of the following layers of Earth is liquid and is responsible for producing Earth's magnetic field?

Accepted Answer

A)   inner core
B)   outer core
C)   lower mantle
D)   aesthenosphere

Question 10

Along ________ new ocean floor is formed by upwelling flows of magma, whereas along ________ old oceanic crust is destroyed.

Accepted Answer

A)   subduction zones; mid-ocean ridges
B)   archipelagos; oceanic trenches
C)   mid-ocean ridges; subduction zones
D)   oceanic trenches; archipelagos

Question 11

The three basic rock types are

Accepted Answer

A)   conglomerates, clastics, and evaporative.
B)   intrusive, extrusive, and plutonic.
C)   laterite, schist, and basalt.
D)   sedimentary, metamorphic, and igeneous.

Question 12

Roughly 95% of the Earth's crust is made up of silicates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The upper mantle is rigid, whereas the aesthenosphere is plastic-like.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Areas of upwelling material from the mantle to form new seafloor occur along

Accepted Answer

A)   divergent boundaries.
B)   areas of seafloor spreading.
C)   transform boundaries.
D)   convergent boundaries.

Question 15

Diagram and label the three types of plate boundaries.

Accepted Answer

Convergent boundaries occur in areas of ...

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of the principle of uniformitarianism?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is not possible to know how Earth processes have changed overtime, therefore it is not possible to deduce how Earth's ancient landforms evolved.
B)   The processes by which streams carve valleys at present are the same as those that carved valleys 500 millions years ago.
C)   Catastrophic events, such as major landslides, earthquakes, and volcanic episodes, are the primary drivers of geomorphological change.
D)   The Earth's geological history is mostly uniform and homogenous, existing now as it mostly always has with the exception of minor recent changes.

Question 17

The plastic layer in the mantle from about 70 to 250 km (43 to 155 mi)  in depth is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)   asthenosphere.
B)   lithosphere.
C)   Moho.
D)   Gutenberg discontinuity.

Question 18

Earth's magnetic field

Accepted Answer

A)   is variable, and it has faded to zero and returned to full strength with the polarity reversed.
B)   is constant in its intensity.
C)   remains a mystery as to its cause.
D)   is principally generated in the inner core.

Question 19

Of the elements in the Earth's crusts, ________ makes up the most of the Earth's crust by weight.

Accepted Answer

A)   silicon (Si) 
B)   aluminum (Al) 
C)   oxygen (O) 
D)   iron (Fe)

Question 20

Which of the following is not supporting evidence of plate tectonics?

Accepted Answer

A)   similar rock assemblages on the east coast of South America and West Coast of Africa
B)   the "jigsaw puzzle" shape of the continents
C)   lack of oceanic ridges that would indicate sea floor spreading
D)   the fossil and climatic record

Exam 12: The Dynamic Planet

Along ________ new ocean floor is formed by upwelling flows of magma, whereas along ________ old oceanic crust is destroyed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The plastic layer in the mantle from about 70 to 250 km (43 to 155 mi) in depth is known as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to currently accepted scientific theories, Earth is never affected by catastrophes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Roughly 95% of the Earth's crust is made up of silicates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Uniformitarianism assumes that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the elements in the Earth's crusts, ________ makes up the most of the Earth's crust by weight.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of an intrusive, igneous rock formation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which layer of the planet forms 80 percent of Earth's total volume, and has an average density of 4.5 grams/cm³?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following layers of Earth is liquid and is responsible for producing Earth's magnetic field?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diagram and label the three types of plate boundaries.

Correct AnswerverifiedConvergent boundaries occur in areas of ...View AnswerShow Answer

Earth's magnetic field

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about Earth's core is not correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Uniformitarianism assumes the physical processes now activity have been operating throughout the Earth's history.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of the principle of uniformitarianism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The upper mantle is rigid, whereas the aesthenosphere is plastic-like.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Areas of upwelling material from the mantle to form new seafloor occur along

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most sedimentary rocks are derived from preexisting rocks, or from organic materials (such as bone and shell).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not supporting evidence of plate tectonics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The three basic rock types are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Along new ocean floor is formed by upwelling flows of magma, whereas along old oceanic crust is destroyed.

Correct Answer
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Convergent boundaries occur in areas of ...
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