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Microthermal climates are predominately influenced by continental tropical (cT) air masses.

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No two places on the Earth's surface experience exactly the same climatic conditions.

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Heave annual snowfalls is a common occurrence in Antarctica.

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The only interruption to the distribution of tropical forest climates across equatorial regions are


A) several equatorial deserts caused by rain shadows.
B) the tropical savannas of Africa and South America.
C) the five distinct Mediterranean climates.
D) in highland areas, such as the Andes and Mt. Kilimanjaro.

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As distance from the equator increases, seasonal variation in temperature tends to


A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) remain constant.

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Los Angeles, located in a Mediterranean climate zone, is kept ________ during the summer because of the presence of ________.


A) dry; mountains along the western side of the city
B) dry; the cold California current off the coast
C) wet; mountains along the western side of the city
D) wet; the warm California current off the coast

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Tropical climates have inconsistent daylengths and insolation throughout the year.

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The tropical savanna climate has


A) the ITCZ in summer and the subtropical high in winter.
B) the polar front in winter and the subtropical high in summer.
C) the ITCZ all year-round.
D) the polar front all year-round.

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Climatic conditions on Earth are determined based solely on latitude.

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Along the periphery of hot deserts, where shifting subtropical high pressure cells create a distinct summer-dry and winter-wet pattern, one finds


A) tropical, subtropical hot steppe climates.
B) marine west coast climates.
C) tropical monsoon climates.
D) humid subtropical hot-summer climates.

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Which of the following is not a causal element of dry climates?


A) Seasonal influence of the ITCZ.
B) Dry, subsiding air associated with subtropical high pressure systems.
C) Location in the rain shadow of mountains.
D) Cool, stabilizing ocean currents along the western margins of continents.

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Polar climates have extremely low humidity and precipitation and are often considered "frozen deserts."

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An empirical classification is based on, among other factors,


A) the interaction of air masses.
B) the origin or genesis of the climate.
C) the mean annual temperature and precipitation of an area.
D) causative factors.

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The bulk of the world's population lives within the Tropical climates.

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The wet season of the tropical monsoon climate of SE Asia occurs during the season of ________ Sun due to the presence of the ________ over the continent. (low Sun = "winter" and high Sun = "summer")


A) low; subtropical high
B) low; ITCZ
C) high; subtropical high
D) high; ITCZ

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Humid subtropical hot-summer climates receive ________ precipitation during the summer and ________ precipitation in winter.


A) convectional; frontal
B) frontal; convectional
C) orographic; frontal
D) convectional; ITCZ

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The annual temperature range of places located in the interior of a continent is ________ those located along the coast at the same latitude.


A) greater than
B) less than
C) the same as

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Once developed, a climate classification system can be considered complete; i.e., it needs no further revision.

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Which of the following is not true of tropical and subtropical hot desert climates?


A) In most years, they do not receive any precipitation.
B) Annual average temperatures are above 18°C (64.4°F) .
C) They are generally found on the western side of continents.
D) They are under the influence of subtropical high pressure systems.

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Dry climates are by far the most extensive climate over land.

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