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Exam 15: Shorelines and Shoreline Processes

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Question 1

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What are the primary agents of sediment transport and deposition along shorelines?

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Wave refraction and ...

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Question 2

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High water that occurs with the eye of a storm coupled with storm waves reaching a shoreline is called ____________________.

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storm surge

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Why must elected officials and city planners of coastal communities understand the geologic processes of shorelines?

Tidal ranges are lowest where the sea bottom is ____________________ in slope and the inlet is ____________________ in width, and are highest where the slope is ____________________ in slope and the inlet is ____________________ in width.

A wave-built platform is one in which sediment eroded from sea cliffs is transported seaward until it is deposited at the edge of the wave-built platform.

The velocity of a wave is calculated as the ____________________ divided by the ____________________.

What is the nearshore sediment budget?

How does the Moon generate tides? Why are there generally two high tides and two low tides a day?

How does the budget or volume of sand on a given beach change through the year?

Currents that form from the collective movement of wave water refracted off a shoreline are:

Give a possible reason why beach residents might construct a groin on a beach. What is a probable negative effect of such a construction?

Spits and baymouth bars are formed due to ____________________ currents.

The diameter of a water molecule orbit increases with depth until the wave reaches the seafloor.

What path do water particles in a wave ideally follow?

Sea level could change relative to a shoreline due to:

What is a beach, and what are the component parts of a beach?

In most locations ocean water salinity is in dynamic equilibrium, inputs equal outputs. What does this mean and what are the inputs and outputs for dissolved solids in seawater?

In what direction do longshore currents flow?

What are two ways (one natural and one human-induced) in which the sediment budget of a coastline can become negative?

What are spring tides and neap tides, and what causes them?