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Exam 18: Nutritional Aspects of Dental Caries: Causes, Prevention, and Treatment

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Question 21

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Although cheeses contain caries inhibitive casein,chewing hard cheeses increases caries potential because lactose is cariogenic.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

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Question 22

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Which ingredients are anticariogenic? (Select all that apply.)

A) Xylitol
B) Fluoride
C) Vitamin waters
D) Chlorhexidine
E) Glycyrrhiza

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Question 23

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Nonnutritive sweeteners are not metabolized by microorganisms and do not promote dental caries.Products made with a nonnutritive sweetener can be used as frequently as 8 to 10 times per day.

Participants in the Vipeholm study who ate foods high in sugar between meals had a significantly higher decay rate than participants who consumed these foods at mealtime only.This result supports the concept that parents should refrain from giving between meal snacks to children.

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are formed by inserting lab-manufactured DNA into a plant,animal,or microorganism.The first genetically modified (GM) food,introduced in the mid-1990s,was the herbicide-resistant soybean.

Which food selection has the most fermentable carbohydrate?

Which provide mechanisms that increase tooth resistance to demineralization and the caries process? (Select all that apply.)

Which food would be least beneficial for an individual wanting to restrict both plaque acid and fat intake?

Which has the least effect on cariogenicity?

Each applies to the Caries Management by Risk Assessment,except one.Which is the exception?

Each,except one,can cause the pH of human interproximal plaque to fall to less than 5.5.Which is the exception?

Which accurately describes the cariogenic potential of foods,habits,and digestion? (Select all that apply.)

The physical form of pretzels,a crunchy snack,makes them less cariogenic than a chewy food,such as caramels because pretzels have a faster oral clearance time.

Each group represents situations presenting high caries risk,except one.Which is the exception?

Which nutrients have a significant effect on the development of prenatal salivary gland development? (Select all that apply.)

Which accurately describe aspects of genetically modified foods? (Select all that apply.)

Protein and fat are considered cariogenic because consumption of foods with these two nutrients following a fermentable carbohydrate may decrease pH.

Xylitol-containing chewing gums reduce caries rates by inhibiting microbial growth.The dental hygienist should recommend antacids and cough drops as salivary substitutes because they have anticariogenic properties.

Cariogenic snacks before bedtime are advised if they are within 2 hours of a meal because salivary flow is reduced when sleeping and clearance of plaque acids is limited.