Question 1

In a series of studies,Bibb Latané and John Darley have discovered that the greater the number of bystanders,the less likely it is that any individual will help.Why is that?

Accepted Answer

First,given the norm to remain "cool" an...

Question 2

When John Darley and Bibb Latané (1968) exposed participants to a faked seizure in one of three experimental conditions (participants were lone witnesses,one of two witnesses,or one of five witnesses) ,they found that

Accepted Answer

A)   participants would rarely help, regardless of condition.
B)   helping is not substantially reduced when the number of witnesses increases from two to five.
C)   although participants who believed they were lone witnesses took longer to help, more of them did eventually help than in the other conditions.
D)   when lone participants thought the experimenter also overheard the seizure, they took longer to help.
E)   participants who thought they were lone witnesses helped more and helped faster.

Question 3

How do evolutionary theorists use the concepts of kin selection and the reciprocity norm to explain human prosocial behaviour?

Accepted Answer

The notion of kin selection posits that ...

Question 4

Participants in an experiment by Miho Toi and Daniel Batson (1982) listened to an (alleged) radio interview in which a student in their Introductory Psychology class described an accident that caused her to fall behind in the course.Some participants were told that Carol would soon be returning to their class.Why would Toi and Batson refer to this as a "high cost" condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Every time participants saw her, they would be able to empathize with her.
B)   Carol was still in a wheelchair and it would be hard for her to get to class.
C)   Every time participants saw her, they would feel guilty if they didn't help her.
D)   Participants would have to go out of their way to copy their notes for Carol.
E)   Carol would soon be competing for grades with the participants.

Question 5

Some have speculated that people in rural areas are more likely to help than people in urban areas because "trust" and "being neighbourly" are more valued in rural than in urban settings.Were this true,who would be most likely to help a stranger who needed assistance?

Accepted Answer

A)   Connie, who never spent more than two years in any one place
B)   Billy, who has lived in Toronto her whole life
C)   Tammie, who is visiting Chicago from a small town in Vermont
D)   Carla, who has lived her whole life in Chicago
E)   Jeanie, who moved from New York to a small town in Iowa

Question 6

Tobias Greitemeyer's research on the effect of video games suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   participants who play prosocial games in the lab will help more than participants who play neutral games.
B)   participants who play prosocial games in the lab will help less than participants who play neutral games.
C)   participants who play prosocial games will help, but only when there is very low cost to helping.
D)   people who do not like video games are likely to help others.
E)   people whose siblings play prosocial games will be more prosocial themselves.

Question 7

The authors provide the text of a UPI story describing the discovery of the bones of a disabled dwarf in a cave in northern Italy.The reporters speculate that over 12,000 years ago,early hominids would take care of the disabled members of their group._______ would argue that the bones belonged to a dwarf who was related to the other cave inhabitants,whereas _______ would argue that the other inhabitants relied on the dwarf for some unknown purpose.

Accepted Answer

A)   Evolutionary theorists; social exchange theorists
B)   Social psychologists; social exchange theorists
C)   developmental psychologists; evolutionary theorists
D)   Social exchange theorists; sociobiologists
E)   Social psychologists; evolutionary theorists

Question 8

Some social psychologists,such as Daniel Batson (1991),believe that humans do sometimes help for selfless reasons.According to Batson,when does this happen?

Accepted Answer

According to Batson,when people experien...

Question 9

Based on information from your text on the importance of belonging to a community,which of the following people would be more likely to give to a local charity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Marla, who just moved from Toronto
B)   Frank, who just moved from a rural town
C)   Layla, who has lived in her community for her whole life
D)   Steve, who moved to the community about a year ago
E)   Anton, who comes from Vancouver but has family living in the community

Question 10

In support for the empathy-altruism hypothesis,Miho Toi and Daniel Batson (1982) found that participants were more likely to help a student named Carol who was injured in an automobile accident when they were told

Accepted Answer

A)   to try to imagine how Carol felt about what happened to her and how it changed her life.
B)   that they would never come face to face with Carol.
C)   they would be paid to help Carol.
D)   that Carol had other friends who might be able to help her.
E)   to be objective, and not to focus on how Carol felt.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the urban-overload hypothesis (Milgram,1970) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   People who visit cities from rural areas quickly become less empathetic, so avoid helping behaviours.
B)   People who visit cities from rural areas feel isolated, so use helping as way to "reach out" to others.
C)   People who live in cities often feel overwhelmed, so simplify things by keeping to themselves.
D)   People who visit cities from rural areas feel overwhelmed, so avoid the urban dwellers.
E)   People who live in cities feel out of touch with others, so use helping as a way to "reach out."

Question 12

Your textbook authors point out that the unfair perception that people from Asian cultures are less altruistic than people from Western cultures is likely due to the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion of responsibility makes it difficult to determine who has helped.
B)   just as much help is provided to out-group members as in-group members but it is done privately in Asian cultures.
C)   social norms of modesty mean that when you help someone you should not take credit for it.
D)   the altruistic personality type is not applicable to Asian cultures.
E)   it is more difficult to achieve idiosyncracy credits in Asian cultures.

Question 13

The bystander effect refers to the finding that

Accepted Answer

A)   bystanders are likely to help if costs are low.
B)   the greater the number of bystanders, the less likely individuals are to help.
C)   bystanders will be more likely to help when they feel they are competent to do so.
D)   witnesses to an emergency are more likely to help victims similar to them.
E)   people in crowds are distracted, so they don't interpret emergencies correctly.

Question 14

Pluralistic ignorance results when _______ backfires.

Accepted Answer

A)   urban overload
B)   normative influence
C)   informational social influence
D)   social exchange concern
E)   contagion

Question 15

Darrin volunteers at a local children's program because he hopes to learn teaching skills that he can use later in his educational career.This is an example of _______ behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A)   prosocial
B)   altruistic
C)   tit-for-tat
D)   self-interested
E)   adaptive

Question 16

Which of the following factors accounts for the fact that a person participating in an Internet chat room is less likely to receive help when more people are online?

Accepted Answer

A)   urban overload hypotheses
B)   pluralistic ignorance
C)   deindividuation
D)   diffusion of responsibility
E)   not knowing how to help

Question 17

Social psychologists have found that people in good moods are likely to help,as are people in bad moods.Explain how the reasons for the help differs depending on the mood.

Accepted Answer

Good moods encourage helping because (1)...

Question 18

When the prosocial behaviour of people low in socioeconomic status (SES) was compared with the prosocial behaviour of those high in SES (Piff et al,2010) ,those low in SES were more prosocial when the situation involved

Accepted Answer

A)   giving a proportion of earned money to one's partner in the study.
B)   helping their partner complete his or her task.
C)   reporting the percentage of income they believed should be donated to charity.
D)   all of the above - those low in SES were more prosocial than those high in SES in all situations studied.
E)   none of the above - those low and high in SES were equally likely to behave prosocially.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Latané and Darley's model of bystander decision making?

Accepted Answer

A)   Know appropriate form of assistance.
B)   Implement decision.
C)   Notice the event.
D)   Interpret the event as an emergency.
E)   Diffusion of responsibility.

Question 20

People in non-Western interdependent cultures are more likely than Westerners to help in-group members,but less likely to help out-group members.These findings suggest that in non-Western cultures,the line between

Accepted Answer

A)   altruism and prosocial behaviour is unclear.
B)   altruism and prosocial behaviour is seldom crossed.
C)   empathy and egocentrism is unclear.
D)   in-groups and out-groups is unclear.
E)   in-groups and out-groups is firmly drawn.

Exam 10: Prosocial Behaviour

Which of the following best describes the urban-overload hypothesis (Milgram,1970) ?

Correct Answer
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When John Darley and Bibb Latané (1968) exposed participants to a faked seizure in one of three experimental conditions (participants were lone witnesses,one of two witnesses,or one of five witnesses) ,they found that

Correct Answer
verified

The bystander effect refers to the finding that

Correct Answer
verified

Your textbook authors point out that the unfair perception that people from Asian cultures are less altruistic than people from Western cultures is likely due to the fact that

Correct Answer
verified

People in non-Western interdependent cultures are more likely than Westerners to help in-group members,but less likely to help out-group members.These findings suggest that in non-Western cultures,the line between

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Latané and Darley's model of bystander decision making?

Correct Answer
verified

Some social psychologists,such as Daniel Batson (1991),believe that humans do sometimes help for selfless reasons.According to Batson,when does this happen?

Correct Answer
verified
According to Batson,when people experien...
View Answer

When the prosocial behaviour of people low in socioeconomic status (SES) was compared with the prosocial behaviour of those high in SES (Piff et al,2010) ,those low in SES were more prosocial when the situation involved

Correct Answer
verified

Some have speculated that people in rural areas are more likely to help than people in urban areas because "trust" and "being neighbourly" are more valued in rural than in urban settings.Were this true,who would be most likely to help a stranger who needed assistance?

Correct Answer
verified

Pluralistic ignorance results when _______ backfires.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following factors accounts for the fact that a person participating in an Internet chat room is less likely to receive help when more people are online?

Correct Answer
verified

In support for the empathy-altruism hypothesis,Miho Toi and Daniel Batson (1982) found that participants were more likely to help a student named Carol who was injured in an automobile accident when they were told

Correct Answer
verified

How do evolutionary theorists use the concepts of kin selection and the reciprocity norm to explain human prosocial behaviour?

Correct Answer
verified
The notion of kin selection posits that ...
View Answer

Social psychologists have found that people in good moods are likely to help,as are people in bad moods.Explain how the reasons for the help differs depending on the mood.

Correct Answer
verified
Good moods encourage helping because (1)...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Darrin volunteers at a local children's program because he hopes to learn teaching skills that he can use later in his educational career.This is an example of _______ behaviour.

Correct Answer
verified

Based on information from your text on the importance of belonging to a community,which of the following people would be more likely to give to a local charity?

Correct Answer
verified

Tobias Greitemeyer's research on the effect of video games suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In a series of studies,Bibb Latané and John Darley have discovered that the greater the number of bystanders,the less likely it is that any individual will help.Why is that?

Correct Answer
verified
First,given the norm to remain "cool" an...
View Answer

Exam 10: Prosocial Behaviour

Which of the following best describes the urban-overload hypothesis (Milgram,1970) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When John Darley and Bibb Latané (1968) exposed participants to a faked seizure in one of three experimental conditions (participants were lone witnesses,one of two witnesses,or one of five witnesses) ,they found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bystander effect refers to the finding that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your textbook authors point out that the unfair perception that people from Asian cultures are less altruistic than people from Western cultures is likely due to the fact that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People in non-Western interdependent cultures are more likely than Westerners to help in-group members,but less likely to help out-group members.These findings suggest that in non-Western cultures,the line between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Latané and Darley's model of bystander decision making?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some social psychologists,such as Daniel Batson (1991),believe that humans do sometimes help for selfless reasons.According to Batson,when does this happen?

Correct AnswerverifiedAccording to Batson,when people experien...View AnswerShow Answer

When the prosocial behaviour of people low in socioeconomic status (SES) was compared with the prosocial behaviour of those high in SES (Piff et al,2010) ,those low in SES were more prosocial when the situation involved

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some have speculated that people in rural areas are more likely to help than people in urban areas because "trust" and "being neighbourly" are more valued in rural than in urban settings.Were this true,who would be most likely to help a stranger who needed assistance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pluralistic ignorance results when _______ backfires.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors accounts for the fact that a person participating in an Internet chat room is less likely to receive help when more people are online?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In support for the empathy-altruism hypothesis,Miho Toi and Daniel Batson (1982) found that participants were more likely to help a student named Carol who was injured in an automobile accident when they were told

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do evolutionary theorists use the concepts of kin selection and the reciprocity norm to explain human prosocial behaviour?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe notion of kin selection posits that ...View AnswerShow Answer

Social psychologists have found that people in good moods are likely to help,as are people in bad moods.Explain how the reasons for the help differs depending on the mood.

Correct AnswerverifiedGood moods encourage helping because (1)...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darrin volunteers at a local children's program because he hopes to learn teaching skills that he can use later in his educational career.This is an example of _______ behaviour.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on information from your text on the importance of belonging to a community,which of the following people would be more likely to give to a local charity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tobias Greitemeyer's research on the effect of video games suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a series of studies,Bibb Latané and John Darley have discovered that the greater the number of bystanders,the less likely it is that any individual will help.Why is that?

Correct AnswerverifiedFirst,given the norm to remain "cool" an...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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According to Batson,when people experien...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
The notion of kin selection posits that ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Good moods encourage helping because (1)...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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First,given the norm to remain "cool" an...
View Answer