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Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces. Identify a saddle joint of the skeleton.


A) interphalangeal joint of the finger
B) carpometacarpal joint of the phalanges
C) carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
D) metacarpophalangeal joint of the finger

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The amount of movement permitted by a particular joint is the basis for the functional classification of that joint.

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A ball-and-socket joint is a multiaxial joint.

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Lifting up a glass to take a drink involves the elbow joint. Which of the following correctly characterizes that joint?


A) pivot
B) diarthrotic
C) cartilaginous
D) biaxial

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On the basis of structural classification, which is a fibrous joint?


A) synchondrosis
B) pivot
C) symphysis
D) syndesmosis

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A situation where the bones are connected exclusively by ligaments, cords, or bands of fibrous tissue is a __________.


A) gomphosis
B) synchondrosis
C) syndesmosis
D) suture

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Synovial fluid is present in joint cavities of freely movable joints. Which of the following statements is true about this fluid?


A) It contains lactic acid.
B) It contains hyaluronic acid.
C) It contains enzymes only.
D) It contains hydrochloric acid.

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Maggie is a 28-year-old Caucasian woman who has newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis. She complains of painful, stiff hands and feet, feeling tired all the time, and reports an intermittent low-grade fever. She asks the doctor if she is going to be "crippled." How might the doctor explain the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis?

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, ...

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The ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles and limit the movement of the femur anteriorly and posteriorly are called ___________.


A) patellar ligaments
B) anterior ligaments
C) tibial collateral ligaments
D) cruciate ligaments

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Which of the following is NOT strictly a part of a synovial joint?


A) articular (joint) capsule
B) articular cartilage
C) joint (articular) cavity
D) tendon sheath

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Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are__________ .


A) diarthroses
B) synovial joints
C) amphiarthroses
D) synarthroses

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Briefly describe the structure of a typical synovial joint.

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The ends of each bone are covered with h...

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Supination is the movement of the forearm in which the palm of the hand is turned anteriorly or superiorly.

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Pointing the toes is an example of __________.


A) plantar flexion
B) circumduction
C) pronation
D) protraction

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Synovial fluid contains phagocytic cells that protect the cavity from invasion by microbes or other debris.

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Synarthrotic joints __________.


A) have large joint cavities
B) are immovable joints
C) are found only in adults
D) characterize all cartilaginous joints

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The terms inversion and eversion pertain only to the__________ .


A) arms
B) feet
C) hands
D) hands and the feet

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Many inflammations of joint areas can be treated by injections of cortisone into the area. Why don't we continually get injections rather than operations?

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A joint inflammation is always a symptom...

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Synchondroses and symphyses are examples of__________ joints.


A) periodontal
B) synovial
C) cartilaginous
D) fibrous

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Moving your jaw forward, causing an underbite, is called__________ .


A) adduction
B) protraction
C) retraction
D) pronation

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