Question 1

Experimental procedures such as randomly assigning clients to placebo groups or to waiting-list control groups can cause problems in real-life counseling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Identify a variable that pertains to the counseling process in analogue research.

Accepted Answer

A)   Room decor
B)   Coping skills
C)   Cost of therapy
D)   Counselor interventionsE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 3

According to some researchers, findings from analogue research tend to lack _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   credibility
B)   generalizability
C)   specificity
D)   variabilityE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

In analogue researches, real-world constraints such as financial limits and unavailability of participants can be substantially reduced by using _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   counselor disclosures
B)   client surrogates
C)   counselor interventions
D)   online survey designsE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The hallmark of analogue research is control of the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   experimental situation
B)   external validity
C)   social influence
D)   motivation levelE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Seth, a researcher, is studying counseling trainees' multicultural case conceptualization. One of the cases in this study involves an Asian American male client who stated that he had shamed his family because he did not pursue a career in medicine. This scenario is an example of a _____ case.

Accepted Answer

A)   culture-explicit
B)   culture-implicit
C)   culture-not mentioned
D)   culture-dependentE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Debate over the utility of analogue methodology ceased after Bordin's (1965) proposal for "acceptable simplifications."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 8

In the context of analogue research, which of the following variable pertains to both the client and the counselor in a counseling situation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Coping skills
B)   Client reaction
C)   Disclosure
D)   Cost of therapyE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 9

In which of the following scenarios is intervention, a variable pertaining to counseling process and setting in analogue research, most likely to have a relatively high degree of resemblance to real-life counseling in terms of generalizability?

Accepted Answer

A)   Participant views counseling scenario but does not interact with the counselor.
B)   Participant is carefully diagnosed and goals are established.
C)   Counselor and participant interact on restricted topic or in some defined manner.
D)   Treatment is specifically targeted to client's problems.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Analogue research allows for a great deal of situational control by enabling a researcher to manipulate one or more independent variables, to eliminate or hold extraneous variables constant, and to use random assignment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In the context of clients or participants in analogue research, which of the following scenarios is most likely to have a relatively low degree of resemblance to real-life counseling?

Accepted Answer

A)   Client is distressed enough to seek help at a center.
B)   Participant is assigned to treatments and therapists.
C)   Client expects treatment and change.
D)   Participant shows high level of information processing and knowledge.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above B

Question 12

Analogue methodology enables an experimenter to achieve a high degree of specificity in the operational definitions of a variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In analogue designs, it is possible to eliminate or control variables extraneous to the particular research problem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

One of the strengths of analogue studies is that they possess a high degree of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   external validity
B)   internal validity
C)   generalizability
D)   reliabilityE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 15

Variables pertaining to clients or participants are never considered when evaluating the generalizability of particular analogue methodologies within counseling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Analogue research is easier and less time consuming than other research designs, and this makes it the best methodological strategy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 17

Analogue methodology lacks precision-not only in terms of the variables under examination, but also in terms of experimental procedures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In analogue research, the power of the experimental controls may result in the loss of external validity of the research findings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In the context of analogue research, which of the following is true of client variables being generalizable to real-life counseling?

Accepted Answer

A)   When a client expects course credit by participating in a study, the client variable-expectation of change has relatively high resemblance to real-life counseling.
B)   When a client chooses therapists or type of treatment, the client variable-selection of treatment has relatively high resemblance to real-life counseling.
C)   When a client is distressed enough to seek relevant academic experiences and psychological experiments, the client variable-motivation and distress level has relatively high resemblance to real-life counseling.
D)   When a client has a new issue, and low level of knowledge about the issue, the client variable-knowledge of problem has relatively high resemblance to real-life counseling.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

An advantage of analogue methodology is often the reduction of practical and ethical obstacles in experimentally examining some aspect of the counseling process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Analogue Research: Maximizing Experimental Control

Experimental procedures such as randomly assigning clients to placebo groups or to waiting-list control groups can cause problems in real-life counseling.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify a variable that pertains to the counseling process in analogue research.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to some researchers, findings from analogue research tend to lack _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In analogue researches, real-world constraints such as financial limits and unavailability of participants can be substantially reduced by using _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hallmark of analogue research is control of the _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Seth, a researcher, is studying counseling trainees' multicultural case conceptualization. One of the cases in this study involves an Asian American male client who stated that he had shamed his family because he did not pursue a career in medicine. This scenario is an example of a _____ case.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Debate over the utility of analogue methodology ceased after Bordin's (1965) proposal for "acceptable simplifications."

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

In the context of analogue research, which of the following variable pertains to both the client and the counselor in a counseling situation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following scenarios is intervention, a variable pertaining to counseling process and setting in analogue research, most likely to have a relatively high degree of resemblance to real-life counseling in terms of generalizability?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Analogue research allows for a great deal of situational control by enabling a researcher to manipulate one or more independent variables, to eliminate or hold extraneous variables constant, and to use random assignment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of clients or participants in analogue research, which of the following scenarios is most likely to have a relatively low degree of resemblance to real-life counseling?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Analogue methodology enables an experimenter to achieve a high degree of specificity in the operational definitions of a variable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In analogue designs, it is possible to eliminate or control variables extraneous to the particular research problem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the strengths of analogue studies is that they possess a high degree of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Variables pertaining to clients or participants are never considered when evaluating the generalizability of particular analogue methodologies within counseling.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Analogue research is easier and less time consuming than other research designs, and this makes it the best methodological strategy.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Analogue methodology lacks precision-not only in terms of the variables under examination, but also in terms of experimental procedures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In analogue research, the power of the experimental controls may result in the loss of external validity of the research findings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of analogue research, which of the following is true of client variables being generalizable to real-life counseling?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An advantage of analogue methodology is often the reduction of practical and ethical obstacles in experimentally examining some aspect of the counseling process.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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False

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B

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False

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