Question 1

A nativist would claim that the chief determining factor of behavior and other psychological traits is:

Accepted Answer

A)   operant conditioning.
B)   classical conditioning.
C)   the parent-child relationship.
D)   heredity.

Question 2

Evolutionary psychologists emphasize the evolutionary mechanisms that might help explain human commonalities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

If a human trait exists, then it must have been adaptive to human survival at some point.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The principle of natural selection was first formulated in general terms by the British naturalist:

Accepted Answer

A)   Francis Crick.
B)   Gregor Mendel.
C)   James Watson.
D)   Charles Darwin.

Question 5

Basket-weaving skills seem to run in Andy's family. Why shouldn't Andy conclude that his own talent is genetic?

Accepted Answer

Family members share...

Question 6

One way of inferring heritability is by studying adopted children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

_______________ can help explain why identical twins and cloned genetically identical animals living in exactly the same environment may differ considerably in appearance and behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   Epigenetics
B)   Noncoding DNA
C)   Evolution
D)   Mental modules

Question 8

Which of the following is not part of our biological heritage?

Accepted Answer

A)   a sucking reflex at birth
B)   a motive to explore and manipulate objects
C)   a lack of interest in novel objects
D)   a love of play

Question 9

Sociobiologists predict that, compared to males, females should be more likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)   be polygamous.
B)   be monogamous.
C)   choose a young, attractive mate.
D)   be promiscuous.

Question 10

Heritability is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)   an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behavior and personality.
B)   a process in which individuals with genetically influenced traits that are adaptive in a particular environment tend to survive and reproduce.
C)   a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group.
D)   a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to environment.

Question 11

According to sociobiologists, it is evolutionarily beneficial for females to:

Accepted Answer

A)   attach themselves to dominant males.
B)   compete with other females for access to young males.
C)   have more male offspring than female offspring.
D)   be promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty.

Question 12

A longitudinal study discussed in your textbook used MRI scans to study the development of the cerebral cortex as children aged. Which of the following is one of the findings from this study?

Accepted Answer

A)   In the brightest children, the cerebral cortex is always thicker than it is in other children.
B)   The cortex in very bright children develops more rapidly and for a longer time than it does in other children.
C)   The cortex in average children reaches its maximum thickness several years later than it does in bright children.
D)   In children with average IQs, the cortex reaches maximum thickness at age 11 or 12.

Question 13

_______________ may occur because of mistakes made when DNA copies itself during cell divisions or because of environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

Accepted Answer

A)   Mutations
B)   Noncoding DNA
C)   Epigenetics
D)   Twins

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the position of most psychologists today on the nature-nurture issue?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nature and nurture interact to produce both our psychological and physical traits.
B)   Nature is more important in producing our physical traits, whereas nurture is more important in producing our psychological traits.
C)   Nature is more important in producing our psychological traits, whereas nurture is more important in producing our physical traits.
D)   Some of our psychological traits are produced primarily by nature and some by nurture, but nature is most important in producing our physical traits.

Question 15

One way scientists can search for genes that are associated with rare disorders is by carrying out:

Accepted Answer

A)   experimental studies.
B)   psychometric studies.
C)   linkage studies.
D)   noncoding studies.

Question 16

What is epigenetics? How are epigenetic changes different than genetic changes?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 17

The average score on an IQ test for each age group is arbitrarily set at 100.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

_______________, the basic units of heredity, are located on chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)   Ribosomes
B)   Cells
C)   Genes
D)   Nuclei

Question 19

Evolutionary psychologists and sociobiologists would be most likely to agree that:

Accepted Answer

A)   the study of nonhuman species is an effective method in exploring the evolution of human characteristics.
B)   human males and females differ in their sexual strategies and practices.
C)   the study of human dating and mating practices around the world is the most effective method in exploring sexual strategies.
D)   the sexual behavior of the female does not seem to depend on the goal of fertilization because pregnant females continue to have sex.

Question 20

An example of a characteristic that is either present at birth in all humans or develops rapidly during maturation would be:

Accepted Answer

A)   strong eyesight.
B)   a fear of new things.
C)   an understanding of numbers.
D)   leadership qualities.

Exam 3: Genes, Evolution, and Environment

Evolutionary psychologists emphasize the evolutionary mechanisms that might help explain human commonalities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Heritability is defined as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary psychologists and sociobiologists would be most likely to agree that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The principle of natural selection was first formulated in general terms by the British naturalist:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of a characteristic that is either present at birth in all humans or develops rapidly during maturation would be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sociobiologists predict that, compared to males, females should be more likely to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to sociobiologists, it is evolutionarily beneficial for females to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Basket-weaving skills seem to run in Andy's family. Why shouldn't Andy conclude that his own talent is genetic?

Correct AnswerverifiedFamily members share...View AnswerShow Answer

_______________ may occur because of mistakes made when DNA copies itself during cell divisions or because of environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not part of our biological heritage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the position of most psychologists today on the nature-nurture issue?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a human trait exists, then it must have been adaptive to human survival at some point.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______________, the basic units of heredity, are located on chromosomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______________ can help explain why identical twins and cloned genetically identical animals living in exactly the same environment may differ considerably in appearance and behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way of inferring heritability is by studying adopted children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A longitudinal study discussed in your textbook used MRI scans to study the development of the cerebral cortex as children aged. Which of the following is one of the findings from this study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way scientists can search for genes that are associated with rare disorders is by carrying out:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is epigenetics? How are epigenetic changes different than genetic changes?

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

The average score on an IQ test for each age group is arbitrarily set at 100.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A nativist would claim that the chief determining factor of behavior and other psychological traits is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Family members share...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified